Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40910585›Full record

ArticleAnnals of clinical and translational neurology2025

Long COVID in People With Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study.

Chen Hu, Jiyeon Son, Lindsay McAlpine, Elizabeth L S Walker, Megan Dahl, Emily Song, Sugeidy Ferreira Brito, Katelyn Kavak, Kaho Onomichi, Amit Bar-Or and 6 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Chen HuDepartment of Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Jiyeon SonDepartment of Neurology, Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Lindsay McAlpineDepartment of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
Elizabeth L S WalkerDepartment of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Megan DahlDepartment of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Emily SongDepartment of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
Sugeidy Ferreira BritoDepartment of Neurology, Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Katelyn KavakDepartment of Neurology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
Kaho OnomichiDepartment of Neurology, Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Amit Bar-OrDepartment of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Christopher PerroneDepartment of Neurology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Claire S RileyDepartment of Neurology, Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Bianca Weinstock-GuttmanDepartment of Neurology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
Philip L De JagerDepartment of Neurology, Center for Translational & Computational Neuroimmunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8057-2505
Erin E LongbrakeDepartment of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1179-3937
Zongqi XiaDepartment of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1500-2589

Funding

Leveraging electronic health records to optimize treatment selection and response in multiple sclerosisR01NS098023 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI Zongqi Xia · 2016 to 2026
$4.6M
Real-world impact of the COVID-19 pandemic in people with multiple sclerosisR01NS124882 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI XIA, ZONGQI · 2022 to 2024
$1.2M
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Biomarkers of Post-COVID-19 Cerebral Microvascular DysfunctionK23NS133488 · NINDS · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Lindsay Sarah McAlpine · 2024 to 2026
$695k
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) R01NS098023National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) R01NS124882NINDS NIH HHS K23 NS133488NINDS NIH HHS L30 NS139301NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS098023NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS124882
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundManaging long COVID in people with multiple sclerosis and related disorders (pwMSRD) is complex due to overlapping symptoms. To address evidence gaps, we evaluated long COVID susceptibility in pwMSRD versus controls and its associations with multi-domain function and disability.

methodsIn this multicenter cross-sectional study, participants completed a survey covering 71 post-infection symptoms, distinguishing new-onset from worsening symptoms. We defined long COVID using the 2024 NASEM criteria. Logistic regression assessed long COVID odds. Linear and Poisson regression evaluated associations with function and disability.

results969 pwMSRD (82.5% female, mean age 51.8 years, 63.5% infected) and 1003 controls (79.4% female, mean age 45.2 years, 61.2% infected) were included. PwMSRD had higher odds of long COVID (aOR = 1.6 [1.2-2.1]), with a stronger association when restricting to worsening symptoms (aOR = 2.3 [1.7-3.1]). Having long COVID was associated with worse physical function, cognition, and depression in both groups. PwMSRD with long COVID experienced greater physical function declines and more depression severity exacerbation than controls, and had faster disability progression compared to those without long COVID.

conclusionPwMSRD show increased susceptibility to long COVID, primarily driven by worsening symptoms. Long COVID contributes to more functional decline and disability worsening. Recognizing and managing long COVID is essential for pwMSRD.

Indexed as

COVID-19Multiple SclerosisAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedSARS-CoV-2disabilitylong COVIDmultiple sclerosis and related disordersneurologypatient‐reported outcomes

Identifiers

PMID40910585
PMCPMC12698955

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.