Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40918102›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025

Cord blood innate-like T cell responses in neonates born to healthy women and women living with HIV.

David Rach, Hao-Ting Hsu, Nginache Nampota-Nkomba, Godfrey Mvula, Felix A Mkandawire, Osward M Nyirenda, Bernadette Hritzo, Francesca Boldrin, Giulia Degiacomi, Laura Cioetto Mazzabò and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

David RachMolecular Microbiology and Immunology Graduate Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Hao-Ting HsuInstitute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Nginache Nampota-NkombaBlantyre Malaria Project, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi.
Godfrey MvulaBlantyre Malaria Project, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi.
Felix A MkandawireBlantyre Malaria Project, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi.
Osward M NyirendaBlantyre Malaria Project, Kamuzu University of Health Sciences, Blantyre, Malawi.
Bernadette HritzoMolecular Microbiology and Immunology Graduate Program, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Francesca BoldrinDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Giulia DegiacomiDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Laura Cioetto MazzabòDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Riccardo ManganelliDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Andrea G BuchwaldCenter for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Franklin R ToapantaCenter for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Marcelo B SzteinCenter for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Miriam K LauferCenter for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Kirsten E LykeCenter for Vaccine Development and Global Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Cristiana CairoInstitute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.

Funding

Neurocognitive development of HIV-exposed and uninfected infants in MalawiR01HD100235 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI GLADSTONE, MELISSA, LAUFER, MIRIAM K. · 2020 to 2024
$3.3M
The impact of in utero HIV exposure on infant T and B cell responses in MalawiU01HD092308 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI CAIRO, CRISTIANA, LAUFER, MIRIAM K. · 2017 to 2021
$2.7M
Long-term neurocognitive outcomes of HIV-exposed uninfected childrenR33HD103066 · NICHD · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI GLADSTONE, MELISSA, LAUFER, MIRIAM K. · 2022 to 2024
$2.4M
Mentoring in patient-oriented research in global healthK24AI114996 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI LAUFER, MIRIAM K. · 2016 to 2025
$1.6M
Dissecting the causal impact of prenatal HIV exposure and the postnatal environment on development in Malawian InfantsK01MH134741 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI BUCHWALD, ANDREA G. · 2023 to 2025
$468k
NIAID NIH HHS K24 AI114996NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD100235NICHD NIH HHS R33 HD103066NICHD NIH HHS U01 HD092308NIMH NIH HHS K01 MH134741
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Innate-like T cells (ILT), including γδ T cells (Vδ2s), Natural Killer T cells (NKTs) and Mucosal-associated Invariant T cells (MAITs), integrate innate and adaptive immunity, playing important roles in homeostatic conditions as well as during infection or inflammation. ILT are present on both sides of the fetal-maternal interface, but our knowledge of their phenotypical and functional features in neonates is limited. Using spectral flow cytometry we characterized cord blood ILT in neonates born to healthy women and women living with HIV. We describe extensive phenotypic and functional heterogeneity within the cord Vδ2 cells at baseline and following activation. In neonates born to women with HIV, we observed modest differences in ILT frequencies ex-vivo and altered proportions of Vδ2 cells producing IFNγ+ or TNFα+, both ex-vivo and after expansion, compared to HIV unexposed infants. Consistent with prior studies, infants born to mothers who initiated ART before pregnancy exhibited less immune perturbation overall. Herein we expand our knowledge of ILT at the maternal-fetal interface by a comprehensive phenotypic analysis of these rare subsets.

Indexed as

Fetal BloodHIV InfectionsImmunity, InnateMucosal-Associated Invariant T CellsPregnancy Complications, InfectiousAdultFemaleHumansImmunophenotypingInfant, NewbornInfectious Disease Transmission, VerticalNatural Killer T-CellsPregnancyReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-deltaReceptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-deltacord blood (CB)gamma delta (gammadelta) T cellsHIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infantsintracellular cytokine stainingMAIT (mucosal-associated invariant T) cellMalawiNKT (natural killer T) cellspectral flow cytometry

Identifiers

PMID40918102
PMCPMC12412222

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.