Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40918260›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology2025

Betrixaban is a broad anti-virus inhibitor by activating innate immunity.

Shiyu Hu, Yang Zhao, Xingyu Chen, Haocheng Wang, Wenjun Hu, Rong Huang, Jian Yang, Chenxi Niu, Xuefei Guo, Fuping You

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Shiyu Hu *Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
Yang Zhao *Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
Xingyu Chen *Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
Haocheng WangInstitute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
Wenjun HuDepartment of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Nanchong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchong, China.
Rong HuangInstitute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
Jian YangInstitute of Basic Medicine and Forensic Medicine, North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China.
Chenxi NiuDepartment of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Xuefei Guo *Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
Fuping YouInstitute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The innate immune system serves as the first line of defense against viral infections. Type I interferon (IFN-I) signaling, in particular, plays a crucial role in mediating antiviral immunity. Here, we identify Betrixaban (BT), a novel small-molecule compound that activates innate immune responses, leading to broad-spectrum antiviral effects. BT induces IFN-β production and upregulates interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), effectively suppressing the replication of multiple viruses, including vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV), herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), murine hepatitis virus strain A59 (MHV-A59), encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV), and influenza A virus (IAV). BT's antiviral activity relies on innate immune activation, with IRF3 playing a key role. The antiviral effect was significantly reduced upon loss of ISGs induction, including Mx1 and Mx2.

Indexed as

Antiviral AgentsImmunity, InnatePyridinesVirus DiseasesVirusesAnimalsEncephalomyocarditis virusHerpesvirus 1, HumanHumansInfluenza A virusInterferon-betaInterferon Regulatory Factor-3MiceMice, Inbred C57BLMurine hepatitis virusVesiculovirusAntiviral AgentsInterferon-betaInterferon Regulatory Factor-3PyridinesBetrixabanbroad-spectrum antiviralFXainnate immunityVSV

Identifiers

PMID40918260
PMCPMC12408630

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.