ArticleJAMA network open2025
GLP-1 RAs and Cardiovascular and Kidney Outcomes by Body Mass Index in Type 2 Diabetes.
Article in JAMA network open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Weight Loss-Dependent Changes in Body Composition and Bone Health in People With Obesity and Type 1 Diabetes Treated With Liraglutide, Semaglutide, or Tirzepatide.Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews · 2026Observational
- Cardiorenal outcomes of weight loss interventions in people with CKD and type 2 diabetes.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026Article
- Two-Step Clinical Pathways to Cardiovascular Mortality in Chronic Kidney Disease and Dialysis -- A Narrative Review.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2026Review
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Cardiovascular and Kidney Outcomes by Body Mass Index in Type 2 Diabetes.Current cardiology reports · 2026Review
- GLP-1 Receptor Agonists and Cardiovascular and Kidney Outcomes by Body Mass Index in Type 2 Diabetes.Current cardiology reports · 2026Review
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in total joint arthroplasty: a comprehensive systematic review of what orthopaedic surgeons should know.Arthroplasty (London, England) · 2026Review
- Bariatric Surgery in the Era of GLP1RA: A Narrative Review.Advances in therapy · 2026Review
- Glucagon-like Peptide Receptor Agonists and Kidney Outcomes in the Era of Personalized Medicine: Focus on Albuminuria.Journal of personalized medicine · 2026Review
- Potential nephroprotective mechanisms of orforglipron, an oral non-peptide GLP-1 receptor agonist.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Emulating the LEADER trial in China: a regulatory science case study on non-interventional research.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Clinical effects of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist in type 2 diabetes with low body mass index: findings from large-scale emulated target trials.International journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Therapeutic potential of common Phytoestrogens found in traditional Chinese medicine in chronic kidney diseases.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Importance: The cardiovascular benefits of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) may vary by body mass index (BMI), but evidence on BMI-specific outcomes remains limited. Objective: To investigate the associations of GLP-1 RA use with cardiovascular and kidney outcomes across BMI categories in patients with type 2 diabetes. Design, Setting, and Participants: This retrospective cohort study used the Chang Gung Research Database, a clinical dataset covering multiple hospitals in Taiwan. Patients with type 2 diabetes who received GLP-1 RAs or dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors between 2011 and 2022 were identified. DPP-4 inhibitors were selected as the comparator due to their widespread use as a second-line oral hypoglycemic agent and their relatively neutral cardiovascular and kidney effects reported in previous studies. Propensity score matching was applied separately within BMI categories less than 25 and 25 or greater using a comprehensive set of demographic, clinical, and biochemical variables to balance baseline characteristics between treatment groups. The analysis was conducted from December 15, 2023, to July 5, 2024. Exposures: Initiation of GLP-1 RAs compared with DPP-4 inhibitors. Main Outcomes and Measures: Primary outcomes included major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; defined as cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke, or hospitalization for heart failure) and composite kidney outcomes (defined as estimated glomerular filtration rate decline ≥50% or progression to dialysis). Results: Among 97 156 patients with diabetes identified, a total of 7200 matched patients (mean [SD] age, 57.4 [14.2] years; 7473 [51.9%] female) were included (1841 pairs with BMI <25 and 5359 pairs with BMI ≥25). Among patients with BMI 25 or greater, GLP-1 RAs were associated with lower risks of cardiovascular death (hazard ratio [HR], 0.62; 95% CI, 0.46-0.83) and hospitalization for heart failure (subdistribution HR, 0.77; 95% CI, 0.62-0.94). Kidney outcomes were consistent across BMI strata. Restricted cubic spline analysis revealed increasing cardiovascular benefit associated with GLP-1 RAs among patients with higher BMI. Conclusions and Relevance: In this cohort study of patients with type 2 diabetes, GLP-1 RAs use was associated with BMI-dependent cardiovascular benefits and consistent kidney protection, suggesting the importance of BMI stratification in guiding treatment decisions.
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