Evidence mapPaperPMID 40923143Full record

ArticleBrain and behavior2025

Potential Causal Relationships Between Circulating Micronutrient Levels and Multiple Neuroimmune Diseases: A Genetic Association Analysis.

Longhao Chen, Xuzhou Wu, Kaizheng Wang, Xingchen Zhou, Yika Mou, Zhen Liu, Zhifang Shen, Zhizhen Lv, Lijiang Lv

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain and behavior, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Longhao ChenThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3563-4666
Xuzhou WuFirst Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning, China.
Kaizheng WangThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1152-7110
Xingchen ZhouThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5700-2942
Yika MouThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0389-1796
Zhen LiuThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0810-9919
Zhifang ShenJiaxing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiaxing, China.
Zhizhen LvThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3140-4721
Lijiang LvThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0007-2755-6999

Funding

2024General Scientific Research Project of Zhejiang Provincial Department of Education - Special Project for Reform of Professional Degree Graduate Training Mode Y202456161General Program of National Natrural Science Foundation of China 82274672General Program of National Natrural Science Foundation of China 82474668Lv Lijiang Famous Traditional Chinese Medicine Expert Inheritance Studio GZS2021026National TCM Advantageous Specialty Construction 2024-90
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundGrowing evidence suggests a close association between circulating micronutrient levels and neuroimmune diseases. Nevertheless, the causal relationship between them remains unclear. Furthermore, due to confounding factors, many micronutrients implicated in these diseases remain unidentified. This study aimed to determine the causal relationship between circulating micronutrients and neuroimmune diseases through genetic association analysis, and to analyze the regulatory role of circulating micronutrients in neuroimmune diseases.

methodIn this study, we used a two-sample mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causal relationship between micronutrients levels and neuroimmune disease. Fourteen micronutrients were screened from a published genome-wide association study (GWAS). Neuroimmune diseases include multiple sclerosis (MS), Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS), acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), acute poliomyelitis (AP), sequelae of poliomyelitis (SP), optic neuritis (ON), and myasthenia gravis (MG). Data on these seven neuroimmune diseases came from the FinnGen database and included 5523 cases and 2,860,006 controls. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was used as the main MR analysis method, and sensitivity analysis was performed to determine MR hypotheses.

resultsThrough MR analysis and sensitivity testing, we identified significant causal relationships between four neuroimmune diseases and micronutrient levels. Specifically, MS was causally associated with magnesium levels (OR: 0.467, 95% CI: 0.269-0.809, p = 0.007), ADEM with folate levels (OR: 0.022, 95% CI: 0.001-0.957, p = 0.047), ON with vitamin B6 levels (OR: 0.382, 95% CI: 0.187-0.778, p = 0.008), and MG with iron levels (OR: 0.194, 95% CI: 0.043-0.867, p = 0.032). Sensitivity analysis showed that there was no level pleiotropic or heterogeneity in our study results.

conclusionThis study established the causal relationship between micronutrients and neuroimmune diseases. These findings provide new insights into the etiology of neuroimmune diseases and provide a theoretical basis for micronutrient regulation, prevention, and treatment of neuroimmune diseases.

Indexed as

MicronutrientsFemaleGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansMaleMendelian Randomization AnalysisMultiple SclerosisMicronutrientscausalitygenome‐wide association studymicronutrientsneuroimmune diseases

Identifiers

PMID40923143
PMCPMC12417974

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.