Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40923148›Full record

ArticleMolecular pharmaceutics2025

Bile Acid-based Microcapsule-Like Cocrystals of Phytosterols with Enhanced Solubility, Bioavailability, and Bioactivity.

Lei Tang, Yinan Feng, Yifei Bian, Zhixiong Sun, Qiaoce Ding, Dongying Chen, Jian-Rong Wang, Xuefeng Mei

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Molecular pharmaceutics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Lei TangPharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
Yinan FengSchool of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China.
Yifei BianSchool of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
Zhixiong SunSchool of Pharmacy, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, People's Republic of China.ORCID 0009-0009-2680-3948
Qiaoce DingPharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
Dongying ChenPharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
Jian-Rong WangPharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0853-7537
Xuefeng MeiPharmaceutical Analytical & Solid-State Chemistry Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.ORCID 0000-0002-8945-5794

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Phytosterols are a class of natural steroids found in various plants. Commercially available phytosterols (PS) are primarily extracted from the deodorized distillate of soybean oil and consist predominantly of β-sitosterol with smaller amounts of stigmasterol and campesterol. Numerous studies have consistently demonstrated the significant lipid-lowering activity of PS. However, the application of PS is limited due to their low oral bioavailability. To enhance the water solubility and in turn the absorption of PS at the molecular level, microcapsule-like cocrystals were designed using bile acids via hydrogen bonding. As expected, four microcapsule-like cocrystals were successfully prepared: β-sitosterol with cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), and PS with CA and CDCA. The cocrystal of PS with CA (PS-CA) was selected for further investigation, and the results demonstrated that PS-CA exhibited significantly enhanced solubility

Indexed as

Bile Acids and SaltsPhytosterolsAdministration, OralAnimalsBiological AvailabilityCapsulesChenodeoxycholic AcidCholic AcidCrystallizationHumansMaleRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySitosterolsSolubilityBile Acids and SaltsCapsulesChenodeoxycholic AcidCholic Acidgamma-sitosterolPhytosterolsSitosterolsbioavailabilitylipid-loweringpharmaceutical cocrystalphytosterolssolubility

Identifiers

PMID40923148
PMCPMC12587388

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.