Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40923270›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of surgery (London, England)2026

High-voltage electrical pulses for pancreatic cancer treatment in the era of precision medicine.

Wenyuan Ma, Haoyu Liu, Fan Xu, Lei Xu, Chengyue Zhang, Wenjing Lou, Liting Xie, Tian'An Jiang

Abstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of surgery (London, England), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Wenyuan MaDepartment of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID 0009-0002-1561-0031
Haoyu LiuDepartment of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Fan XuDepartment of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Lei XuDepartment of Ultrasound Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, Zhejiang, China.
Chengyue ZhangDepartment of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Wenjing LouDepartment of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Liting XieDepartment of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Tian'An JiangDepartment of Ultrasound, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0002-7672-8394

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPancreatic cancer (PC) presents a significant therapeutic challenge due to its immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Emerging evidence supports the efficacy of high-voltage electrical pulses (HVEPs) in PC treatment, leveraging dual benefits of pancreatobiliary duct integrity maintenance and immunogenicity activation.

objectivePubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched from January 2000 to January 2025. This review synthesizes recent advances in HVEPs for PC treatment, specifically focusing on clinical translation, mechanistic insights, and combinatorial strategies with other modalities. KEY

findingsHVEPs induce immunogenic cell death and reprogram the TME, converting immunologically "cold" tumors to "hot." We also highlight the synergistic potential of combining HVEPs with surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy (notably for prolonging immune effects and activating abscopal responses), and nanomaterials (which enhance targeting, reduce toxicity, and augment efficacy). Current research must still address several outstanding issues in device engineering, mechanism exploration, designing new immunotherapy combinations, and developing nanomaterials.

conclusionsFurther exploration of the mechanisms of HVEPs and the development of combination approaches based on HVEPs - particularly with immunotherapy and nanomaterials - holds significant promise for advancing personalized, precise, and systemic management of PC.

Indexed as

Electric Stimulation TherapyPancreatic NeoplasmsPrecision MedicineCombined Modality TherapyHumansImmunotherapyTumor Microenvironmenthigh-voltage electrical pulses (HVEPs)immunogenic cell death (ICD)irreversible electroporation (IRE)pancreatic cancertumor microenvironment

Identifiers

PMID40923270
PMCPMC12825712

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-SA
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.