Evidence mapPaperPMID 40928049Full record

ReviewActa physiologica (Oxford, England)2025

Micro-Embolic Events and Their Clearing in the Brain. A Narrative Review.

Kevin Mol, Inge A Mulder, Ed van Bavel

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Acta physiologica (Oxford, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Kevin MolBiomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Inge A MulderBiomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Ed van BavelBiomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Funding

Dutch Heart Foundation 03-006-2021-T019Dutch Heart Foundation and The Brain Foundation Netherlands and the Dutch CardioVascular Alliance in addition of unrestricted funding by Stryker, Medtronic and Penumbra 01-002-2022-0126 CONTRAST 2.0
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe cerebral circulation is continuously challenged by intravascular micrometer-sized particles that become trapped microvascular-emboli. These particles may include micro-thrombi, stiffened erythrocytes, and leukocytes, while also fat particles, air, and microplastics may cause microvascular embolism. REVIEW SCOPE: In this narrative review, we discuss these embolization processes and their acute and chronic consequences. These relate to the local flow interruption as well as the direct interaction with the endothelium. In addition, we address the clearing processes, including local thrombolysis and extravasation, or angiophagy, of the emboli.

conclusionA continuous balance exists between embolic events and their resolution under normal conditions. Increased micro-embolic rates, as occur in e.g., atrial fibrillation, or decreased clearing, possibly related to endothelial cell dysfunction, disturb this balance. This could lead to continuing loss of capillaries, micro-infarcts, and cognitive decline.

Indexed as

BrainCerebrovascular CirculationIntracranial EmbolismAnimalsHumansangiophagycerebral ischemiaextravasationmicrocirculationmicroplasticsstrokethrombosis

Identifiers

PMID40928049
PMCPMC12421804

What Socratic holds

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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.