Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40928524›Full record

ArticleMetabolic brain disease2025

Simple scoring model for predicting overt hepatic encephalopathy in geriatric cirrhosis: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Yuki Utakata, Takao Miwa, Masashi Aiba, Shinji Unome, Tatsunori Hanai, Kenji Imai, Yohei Shirakami, Koji Takai, Makoto Shiraki, Naoki Katsumura and 1 more

Abstract readMulticenter Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Metabolic brain disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yuki UtakataDepartment of Gastroenterology, Chuno Kosei Hospital, Seki, Gifu, 5-1 Wakakusa- dori, 501-3802, Japan.
Takao MiwaDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 1-1 Yanagido, 501-1194, Japan. miwa.takao.a6@f.gifu-u.ac.jp.
Masashi AibaDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 1-1 Yanagido, 501-1194, Japan.
Shinji UnomeDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 1-1 Yanagido, 501-1194, Japan.
Tatsunori HanaiDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 1-1 Yanagido, 501-1194, Japan.
Kenji ImaiDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 1-1 Yanagido, 501-1194, Japan.
Yohei ShirakamiDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 1-1 Yanagido, 501-1194, Japan.
Koji TakaiDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 1-1 Yanagido, 501-1194, Japan.
Makoto ShirakiDepartment of Gastroenterology, Chuno Kosei Hospital, Seki, Gifu, 5-1 Wakakusa- dori, 501-3802, Japan.
Naoki KatsumuraDepartment of Gastroenterology, Chuno Kosei Hospital, Seki, Gifu, 5-1 Wakakusa- dori, 501-3802, Japan.
Masahito ShimizuDepartment of Gastroenterology/Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu, 1-1 Yanagido, 501-1194, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Identifying the risk of overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE) in geriatric patients with cirrhosis remains challenging. This study aimed to investigate the independent factors for OHE development in geriatric cirrhosis and to establish a simple scoring model to identify individuals at risk for OHE. We conducted a retrospective review of geriatric patients with cirrhosis aged ≥ 80 years who were admitted between April 2006 and November 2022. Baseline parameters were assessed at the time of admission, and factors associated with OHE development were examined using Fine-Gray proportional hazards regression analysis, with mortality as a competing risk. Based on the factors associated with OHE development, a simple hepatic encephalopathy (sHE) score was calculated, and its efficacy was subsequently verified. Of the 270 patients analyzed, the median age was 83 years, and 63% were male. During a median follow-up of 1.8 years, 41 (15%) patients developed OHE and 120 (44%) patients died. Multivariable analysis revealed that serum albumin (sub-distribution hazard ratio [SHR], 0.51; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.27-0.98; p = 0.042) and ammonia (SHR, 1.01; 95% CI, 1.00-1.02; p = 0.006) levels were independent factors for OHE development in geriatric cirrhosis. Based on the sHE score, the high-risk and intermediate-risk groups exhibited a high incidence of OHE, whereas those in the low-risk group rarely developed OHE. Serum albumin and ammonia levels were identified as independent risk factors for the development of OHE in geriatric cirrhosis. The sHE score was useful for stratifying the risk of OHE in the geriatric population.

Indexed as

Hepatic EncephalopathyLiver CirrhosisAgedAged, 80 and overCohort StudiesFemaleHumansMaleRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsAlbuminAmmoniaCovert hepatic encephalopathyLiver cirrhosisMinimal hepatic encephalopathy

Identifiers

PMID40928524
PMCPMC12423195

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.