Evidence mapPaperPMID 40928582Full record

ReviewMolecular and cellular biochemistry2025

Inflammation in cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome: key roles and underlying mechanisms-a comprehensive review.

Zhen Xu, Shuo Yang, Yuan Tan, Qian Zhang, He Wang, Jingjin Tao, Qi Liu, Qingchen Wang, Weimin Feng, Zhongxin Li and 2 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Molecular and cellular biochemistry, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Zhen XuPeking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
Shuo YangPeking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
Yuan TanPeking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
Qian ZhangPeking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
He WangPeking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
Jingjin TaoPeking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
Qi LiuPeking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
Qingchen WangPeking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
Weimin FengPeking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
Zhongxin LiPeking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
Chong WangPeking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
Liyan CuiPeking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China. cliyan@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome, a newly defined systemic disorder, is characterized by the pathological interplay among diabetes, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Recent studies have identified chronic inflammation not only as a central mediator in the pathological progression of CKM syndrome but also as a pivotal molecular hub that drives coordinated damage across multiple organ systems. Mechanistic investigations have revealed that aberrant activation of signaling pathways such as NF-κB, Wnt, PI3K-AKT, JAK-STAT, and PPAR constitutes a complex inflammatory regulatory network. Notably, these pathways facilitate inter-organ inflammatory crosstalk, establishing positive feedback loops among the heart, kidneys, and metabolic tissues. This, in turn, amplifies pathological processes such as oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and fibrosis in a cascading manner.This review systematically delineates the multidimensional pathophysiological mechanisms of CKM syndrome, with particular emphasis on the inter-organ inflammatory regulation mediated by key signaling pathways. Furthermore, we explore the translational potential of therapeutic strategies targeting inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α) based on the latest clinical evidence, aiming to provide a theoretical framework and novel perspectives for disrupting the vicious cycle of CKM syndrome.

Indexed as

Cardiovascular DiseasesInflammationMetabolic SyndromeRenal Insufficiency, ChronicSignal TransductionAnimalsCytokinesHumansCytokinesCardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndromeDiabetesInflammationObesitySignaling pathways

Identifiers

PMID40928582
PMCPMC12594699

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.