ArticleBMJ open2025
Effects of non-pharmacological interventions on nutrition and immune status of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients during chemoradiotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundNasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) presents significant nutritional challenges during concurrent chemoradiotherapy, adversely affecting treatment outcomes and quality of life. Non-pharmacological interventions may help improve nutritional and immune status, reduce complications and enhance overall well-being. However, evidence of their effectiveness is scattered and inconsistent, and no systematic review has yet synthesised the evidence on their effectiveness. This protocol outlines a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of non-pharmacological interventions on nutritional status, immune function and complications in NPC patients undergoing chemoradiotherapy. The findings may contribute to clinical recommendations and support evidence-based decision-making in the supportive care of NPC patients.
methodsThis protocol follows the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols guidelines. A comprehensive search will be conducted in MEDLINE, PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, ProQuest, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database and Wan Fang from November 2014 to November 2024. Search terms will include concepts related to NPC, nutrition, supplements, education, exercise, multimodal interventions and chemoradiotherapy. Only randomised controlled trials will be included. Two reviewers will independently screen studies, extract data and assess the risk of bias using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool V.2. Where appropriate, a meta-analysis will be performed using RevMan 5.4. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This systematic review does not directly involve the use of human beings; therefore, there is no requirement for ethical approval. Findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and in various media, such as conferences, congresses or symposia. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42024571769.
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Registered trials
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