Evidence mapPaperPMID 40931124Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of nutrition2025

Changes in food choices and dietary patterns during the lifestyle intervention and their association with type 2 diabetes risk in participants with high or low genetic risk for type 2 diabetes.

Ulla Tolonen, Maria Lankinen, Markku Laakso, Ursula Schwab

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In one paragraph

Article in European journal of nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ulla TolonenInstitute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland. ulla.tolonen@uef.fi.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0564-9920
Maria LankinenInstitute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9158-283X
Markku LaaksoInstitute of Clinical Medicine, Internal Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3394-7749
Ursula SchwabInstitute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 1627, 70211, Kuopio, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1838-7525

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo investigate how a group-based lifestyle intervention affects food choices and if the dietary patterns at the end of the intervention are associated with incidence type 2 diabetes (T2D). We also investigated if the possible associations between diet and T2D risk were modified by the genetic risk for T2D.

methodsParticipants in the T2D-GENE study were men with prediabetes aged 50-75 years, body mass index  ≥ 25 kg/m

resultsThere were statistically significant changes towards more recommended food consumption (higher frequency of whole-grain products, vegetables, and non-tropical vegetable oils) in the participants receiving lifestyle counselling as compared to their baseline and to the population controls. The intervention group reported increased consumption of healthy dietary pattern (high in e.g. vegetables, whole-grain products, and fish) and decreased consumption of unhealthy (high in e.g. meat, sausages and low-fibre products) at year three as compared to baseline. End-of-intervention healthy dietary pattern was associated with a decrease in the risk of T2D (OR 0.67, 95% CI 0.46; 0.97 in multivariable model) and end-of-intervention unhealthy pattern with increased risk (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.26; 2.62 in multivariable model). When stratified by the GRS, the associations remained significant for the high genetic risk group.

conclusionA group-based lifestyle intervention improved diet quality. Healthy dietary pattern associated with lower risk for T2D whereas unhealthy pattern associated with higher risk. After stratification by the GRS, associations were evident in participants with a high genetic risk for T2D.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2DietFood PreferencesGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseLife StyleAgedFeeding BehaviorHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrediabetic StateRisk FactorsClinical trialDiabetesDietGeneHumanLifestyle

Identifiers

PMID40931124
PMCPMC12423238

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.