ArticleFrontiers in neurology2025
Clinical features and prognosis of NMOSD patients with positive autoimmune antibodies.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Anti-nuclear antibodies in patients with suspicion of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: Frequency and significance.Pakistan journal of medical sciences · 2026Article
- Longitudinally Extensive Transverse Myelitis in Autoimmune Connective Tissue Diseases: A Comprehensive Review.Cureus · 2026Review
- Neuroimmunological overlap syndromes in optic neuritis, myelitis, and connective tissue diseases.Frontiers in neurologyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to compare clinical outcomes in NMOSD patients with non-AQP4-IgG autoantibodies, specifically anti-connective tissue disease antibodies (anti-CTD Abs) and antithyroid antibodies (ATAbs), to evaluate their impact on disease severity and prognosis. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using data from NMOSD inpatients with follow-up periods ≥180 days, stratified by antibody status: anti-CTD Abs (+)/(-), ATAbs (+)/(-), or double positivity (+)/(-). The primary outcomes included relapse rates, Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores, and survival outcomes. Results: (1) Anti-CTD Abs (+): higher proportion of female patients, increased relapse frequency; decreased red blood cell (RBC) count and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. (2) ATAbs (+): greater incidence of acute brainstem syndrome (ABS); reduced peripheral leukocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte counts; elevated serum urea levels. (3) Double (+): marked female predominance, higher incidence of ABS, decreased RBC count, hemoglobin (Hb) levels, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) chloride concentration; elevated serum urea. (4) AQP4-IgG association: AQP4-IgG-positive patients were more frequently female, with higher prevalence of anti-CTD Abs positivity but lower prevalence of ATAbs positivity. (5) Prognostic analysis: both double-positive and single-antibody-positive groups showed higher disability (EDSS ≥4.0/≥6.0) compared with antibody-negative patients, although no significant differences were observed between the two single-antibody subgroups. (6) Multivariate analysis identified combined antibody positivity (OR = 16.292), baseline EDSS score (OR = 3.179), and age at onset (OR = 1.052) as independent predictors of poor clinical outcomes. Conclusion: Routine screening for anti-CTD Abs and ATAbs in NMOSD patients may aid in assessing disease severity and prognosis. Patients with double positivity represent a high-risk subgroup requiring aggressive therapeutic strategies to prevent severe disability.
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