ReviewFrontiers in neurology2025
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders: a comprehensive review of terminology, clinical implications, and future research directions.
Review in Frontiers in neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 12 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Extended Emergence Trajectory on Post-Anesthesia Care Units Events in Ambulatory Lower-Extremity Orthopedic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Perioperative Use of Dexmedetomidine-esketamine Combination and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Prevention of Neurocognitive Complications in Older Patients After Non-cardiac Surgery: a 2×2 Factorial Trial
Long-term Follow-up of Perioperative Dexmedetomidine-esketamine Combination and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for Prevention of Neurocognitive Complications in Older Patients After Non-cardiac Surgery
Impact of Perioperative Transcranial Photobiomodulation on Delayed Neurocognitive Recovery in Older Patients After Surgery: a Randomized, Double-blind, Pseudo-modulation-controlled Preliminary Clinical Trial
Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Perioperative cerebrospinal fluid lactate and glucose changes following intracranial surgery: A prospective observational cohort study.Medicine · 2026Observational
- Long-Term Cognitive and Functional Outcomes of Anesthesia and Surgery in Patients with Dementia.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Impact of cognitive impairment on postoperative delirium and discharge disposition following knee arthroplasty: a Japanese nationwide propensity score-matched study.Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery · 2026Article
- Cognitive dysfunction after cardiac surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis on the mini-mental state examination findings.Biomedical reports · 2026Article
- Mapping the Neuroprotective Landscape of Perioperative Magnesium Sulphate: A Translational Scoping Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Association of preoperative frailty and delayed neurocognitive recovery in older adults undergoing major elective surgery in Thailand: a single centre prospective study.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2026Article
- Perioperative neurocognitive disorders: the importance of global systemic interactions.British journal of anaesthesia · 2026Article
- Risk factors for postoperative cognitive dysfunction in geriatric trauma: a dual-pathway perspective.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2026Article
- PreoperativeFrontiers in bioinformatics · 2026Review
- Extracellular vesicle signalling in perioperative neurocognitive disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Low serum triglycerides related to delayed neurocognitive recovery in geriatric oral and maxillofacial surgery patients: A prospective cohort study.Lipids in health and disease · 2025Article
- Bridging neural circuits and clinical outcomes: a novel framework for perioperative disturbances of consciousness and cognition.Frontiers in neurologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Perioperative neurocognitive disorders (PNDs) encompass a spectrum of cognitive impairments that may affect patients before, during, or after surgical procedures, with significant implications for patient outcomes, and healthcare expenditures. This comprehensive review examines the evolution of PND terminology, clinical manifestations, diagnostic criteria, incidence rates, risk factors, underlying mechanisms, preventive measures, management strategies, and future research directions. The authors emphasize the importance of early diagnosis and intervention to enhance postoperative recovery and underscore the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach to patient care.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.