ArticleInternational journal of women's health2025
Global Burden of Major Urologic Diseases in Women, 1990-2021: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.
Article in International journal of women's health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: The global health burden faced by women remains underappreciated, particularly with regard to urologic diseases. Purpose: This study aims to assess the patterns and temporal trends of four major urinary conditions in women including urinary tract infections (UTIs), urolithiasis, kidney cancer, and bladder cancer from 1990 to 2021. Patients and Methods: We obtained data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2021, which provides estimates of incidence and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for urologic diseases in women across 204 countries and territories from 1990 to 2021. To assess temporal trends, we calculated the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in age-standardized incidence rates (ASRs) by region. Age-specific patterns were further evaluated through stratified analyses of incidence and DALYs across the life course. Results: In 2021, the global incidence of urologic diseases in women continued to rise. Country- and region-specific analyses revealed diverse trends in incidence rates and DALYs. Analysis of the EAPC in 2021 showed a positive correlation between the age-standardized death rate (ASDR) of UTIs and the Human Development Index (HDI), whereas bladder cancer ASDR was negatively correlated with HDI. Risk factor analysis indicated that smoking and poor metabolic health exacerbate the burden of kidney and bladder cancers. Additionally, both DALYs and incidence rates varied markedly across age groups. While the age-standardized incidence rates (ASIR) and ASDR for urolithiasis remained relatively stable over time, UTIs, as well as kidney and bladder cancers showed a slight increase projected beyond 2032. Conclusion: The burden of four major urologic diseases in women constitutes a significant global public health challenge. The diverse disease patterns underscore the importance of developing tailored, country-specific prevention and healthcare strategies based on local risk factor profiles. Our findings offer critical evidence to guide targeted public health policies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.