Evidence mapPaperPMID 40933945Full record

ArticleWorld journal of clinical cases2025

High-resolution optical coherence tomography for screening ocular surface tumors: Historical markers and future directions.

Ehimare Enaholo, Godwin Okoye, Mutali Musa, Ayuba Suleman, Oluwasola Ojo, Roberta Foti, Fabiana D'Esposito, Rosa Giglio, Daniele Tognetto, Caterina Gagliano and 1 more

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Article in World journal of clinical cases, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Ehimare EnaholoDepartment of Ophthalmology, Centre for Sight Africa Ltd, Nkpor 434101, Nigeria.
Godwin OkoyeDepartment of Ophthalmology, Centre for Sight Africa Ltd, Nkpor 434101, Nigeria.
Mutali MusaDepartment of Ophthalmology, Africa Eye Laser Center Ltd, Benin 300211, Nigeria.
Ayuba SulemanDepartment of Ophthalmology, Africa Eye Laser Center Ltd, Benin 300211, Nigeria.
Oluwasola OjoDepartment of Optometry, University of Ilorin, Ilorin 234031, Nigeria.
Roberta FotiDivision of Rheumatology, A.O.U. Policlinico-San Marco, Catania 95123, Italy.
Fabiana D'EspositoImperial College Ophthalmic Research Group Unit, Imperial College, London NW15QH, United Kingdom.
Rosa GiglioDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34129, Italy.
Daniele TognettoDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34129, Italy.
Caterina GaglianoDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna "Kore", Enna 94100, Italy.
Marco ZeppieriDepartment of Medicine, Surgery and Health Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste 34129, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHigh-resolution optical coherence tomography (HR-OCT) has become an essential instrument in the screening and diagnosis of ocular surface neoplasms. Research demonstrates that HR-OCT possesses a diagnostic sensitivity ranging from 85% to 90% for ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN). The connections between HR-OCT features and histological findings have consistently shown robustness, hence increasing the reliability of clinical diagnosis.

aimTo examine the existing HR-OCT indicators employed in the identification of common non-benign ocular surface tumors, namely, basal cell carcinoma, OSSN, and melanocytic conjunctival lesions, and to assess their diagnostic efficacy, benefits, and prospective developments.

methodsA thorough literature review was performed to assess the published research on HR-OCT in the diagnosis of ocular surface cancers. Significant attention was given to research that compares HR-OCT characteristics with histopathologic validation, as well as on publications addressing the integration of emerging technologies and artificial intelligence in ocular oncology imaging.

resultsHR-OCT exhibits elevated diagnostic sensitivity (85%-90%) for identifying OSSN and presents distinct imaging patterns that align closely with histology results. This approach has substantial clinical advantages due to its non-invasive characteristics, improved axial resolution, and real-time imaging capabilities. HR-OCT has demonstrated potential in assessing various lesions, including basal cell carcinoma and melanocytic conjunctival malignancies.

conclusionHR-OCT assumes an increasingly vital role in the early identification and clinical management of ocular surface malignancies. With advancements in imaging technology and the integration of artificial intelligence, HR-OCT is anticipated to enhance individualized diagnosis and treatment planning in ocular oncology, hence improving patient outcomes.

Indexed as

Anterior segment optical coherence tomographyArtificial intelligenceBasal cell carcinomaDeep learningNon-invasive diagnosticsOcular oncologyOcular surface squamous neoplasia

Identifiers

PMID40933945
PMCPMC12417960

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.