Evidence mapPaperPMID 40937014Full record

ArticleHealth science reports2025

Economic Burden of Diseases Caused by Air Pollution in Iran: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Nikta Shobeiri, Amin Adel, Asma Rashki Kemmak

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health science reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Nikta ShobeiriDepartment of Pharmaceutical Control, School of Pharmacy Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9486-9361
Amin AdelDepartment of Management Sciences and Health Economics, School of Health Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6438-4176
Asma Rashki KemmakHealth Sciences Research Center Torbat Heydariyeh University of Medical Sciences Torbat Heydariyeh Iran.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1293-3639

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background and Aims: Air pollution refers to the presence of one or more pollutants or compounds in outdoor or indoor air in concentrations and durations that can harm human health, plants, animals, or possessions, or lead to undue disruption of a person's ability to enjoy their life or belongings comfortably. This study examines the economic burden of diseases caused by air pollution in Iran, highlighting the financial impacts on the healthcare system and the broader economy. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study, conducted in Iran in 2022, employed an incidence-based approach to estimate the economic burden of air pollution-related diseases from a societal perspective. The analysis involved calculating direct costs using the top-down method and indirect costs through the human capital approach. Results: The average direct medical costs of diseases caused by air pollution per patient were $4485.55. The average direct non-medical cost per patient was estimated at $758.11. Notably, the cost of accompaniment accounted for the highest proportion among direct non-medical costs, with an average cost of $292.21 per patient. The average indirect cost per patient was estimated at $1713.03. Conclusion: The fight against air pollution-related diseases is not just a public health issue but also an economic necessity. By tackling this challenge proactively, societies can pave the way for cleaner, healthier, and more prosperous futures.

Indexed as

air pollutiondirect costindirect costIran

Identifiers

PMID40937014
PMCPMC12420349

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.