ArticleEBioMedicine2025
TIM-3 ameliorates host responses to Salmonella infection by controlling iron driven CD4
Article in EBioMedicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ferroptosis in T cells: mechanisms, biology and translational opportunities.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Baicalin alleviates mastitis in dairy cows by targeting IL-17RA to inhibit IL-17 signaling pathway activation.Journal of animal science and biotechnology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundIron loading increases infection risk in being a nutrient for invading siderophilic bacteria and by modulating immune functions including the expression of the immune checkpoint regulator T-cell immunoglobulin-and-mucin-containing-domain-3 (TIM-3). TIM-3 affects specific immune cell functions including T-helper cell differentiation but also T cell dysfunction, and immune exhaustion. Given the prevalence of iron overload specifically in patients at higher risk for infection such as those suffering from hemo-oncological diseases, we investigated TIM-3's role in immune control of bacterial sepsis.
methodsA sepsis model was employed in wildtype and Tim3
findingsDietary iron supplementation reduced mouse survival, which was further exaggerated by TIM-3 deletion. This indicates that TIM-3 dependent immune regulation was essential for effective host defence against Salmonella. TIM-3 deletion increased the production of immune-deactivating interleukin (IL) -10 as a result of impaired interleukin-12 receptor (IL-12R)-dependent CD4
interpretationOur study uncovers TIM-3 as a crucial regulator of T cell driven immune control of bacterial infection and identifies the underlying treatable pathways, which is of major importance to better combat infection related mortality in subjects with iron overload syndromes.
fundingChristian-Doppler-Society, FWF (I-3321, W-1253).
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.