Perfluorooctanoic acid, perfluorobutanoic acid, and undecafluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic acid disrupt neurotransmitter release and cholinesterase activity.

Precious C Obiako, Bryan A Taylor, Jonathan A Clinger, Christie M Sayes

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Chemosphere, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Precious C ObiakoDepartment of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA.

Bryan A TaylorDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA.

Jonathan A ClingerDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA.

Christie M SayesDepartment of Environmental Science, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA. Electronic address: Christie_sayes@baylor.edu.

Funding

Time-Resolved and Multi-Temperature Structural Biology to Understand Dynamic Enzyme CatalysisR35GM155320 · NIGMS · BAYLOR UNIVERSITY · PI Jonathan Clinger · 2024 to 2026

$1.1M

NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM155320

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) induced neurotoxicity is an emerging concern, with evidence increasingly linking it to the dysregulation of neurotransmission pathways. This study investigates the effects of three different PFAS, namely perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorobutanoic acids (PFBA), and undecafluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoic acid (GenX), on catecholamine neurotransmitter release (dopamine, noradrenaline, and adrenaline) and neurotransmission-regulating enzymes (acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE)). Neurotransmitter release assays revealed that PFAS exposure in neuronal cells increased dopamine and noradrenaline levels but reduced adrenaline levels. Cholinesterase activity was assessed in cell-free conditions and human neuronal cells (SH-SY5Y), revealing PFAS-induced enzymatic perturbations characterized by decreased AChE activity and increased BChE activity. Fluorescence and synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy highlighted differential enzyme-PFAS interactions, which were corroborated by molecular docking results and revealed compound-specific interactions with amino acid residues. Of the substances tested, PFOA exhibited the strongest binding interaction.

Indexed as

CaproatesCaprylatesFluorocarbonsNeurotransmitter AgentsAcetylcholinesteraseButyrylcholinesteraseHumansMolecular Docking SimulationNeuronsAcetylcholinesteraseButyrylcholinesteraseCaproatesCaprylatesFluorocarbonsNeurotransmitter Agentsperfluorobutyric acidperfluorooctanoic acidBinding sitesCholinesteraseEnvironmentalMolecular dockingToxicity

Identifiers

PMID40939569

DOI10.1016/j.chemosphere.2025.144678

PMCPMC13287238

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata

LicenceCC BY

Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.