Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40940973›Full record

ReviewCancers2025

Endothelial Injury Following CAR-T Cell Immunotherapy for Hematological Malignancies.

Christos Demosthenous, Paschalis Evangelidis, Athanasios Gatsis, Ioannis Mitroulis, Sofia Vakalopoulou, Anna Vardi, Stefania Bountoura, Ioanna Sakellari, Eleni Gavriilaki

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cancers, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Risk Assessment for Venous Thrombosis in Lymphoma and Emerging Biomarkers.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Beyond the infusion: nursing at the vanguard of cytokine release syndrome rescue in CAR-T cell therapy.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. Age-Specific Cytokine Profiling in Children withJournal of inflammation research · 2025
    Article
  13. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Christos DemosthenousBMT Unit, Hematology Department, George Papanicolaou General Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-2008-7954
Paschalis EvangelidisSecond Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Hippocration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece.ORCID 0000-0003-1783-5111
Athanasios GatsisSecond Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Hippocration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-1007-210X
Ioannis MitroulisTranslational Research and Laboratory Medicine Unit, First Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-9991-2362
Sofia VakalopoulouSecond Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Hippocration Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Anna VardiBMT Unit, Hematology Department, George Papanicolaou General Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Stefania BountouraBMT Unit, Hematology Department, George Papanicolaou General Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Ioanna SakellariBMT Unit, Hematology Department, George Papanicolaou General Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Eleni GavriilakiBMT Unit, Hematology Department, George Papanicolaou General Hospital, 57010 Thessaloniki, Greece.ORCID 0000-0002-8883-8208

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor-T (CAR-T) cell immunotherapy constitutes a cornerstone in the management of patients with relapsed/refractory B-cell lineage lymphoid malignancies. Toxicities such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS), and hematotoxicity (ICAHT) have been recognized in the post-infusion period. The initial interplay between CAR-T cells and tumor cells, followed by cytokine release and the bystander activation of the innate immunity cells, result in endothelial cell injury. In the current review, the ongoing research regarding endothelial injury in CAR-T cell recipients is summarized. Various markers of endothelial injury have been investigated in CAR-T cell recipients, including markers of complement activation, such as soluble C5b-9, endothelial dysfunction (angiopoietin-2, VCAM1, ICAM-1), inflammation, and thrombosis (von Willebrand antigen, ADAMTS13, thrombomodulin). The expression level of these endothelial injury markers has been identified as impaired in CAR-T cell recipients, not only when compared with healthy controls but also among patients with severe CRS/ICANS and those with mild toxicities or without toxicities. Furthermore, the Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) and modified versions of this score, calculated in the pre- and early post-infusion period, seem to predict development of severe toxicities, ICAHT, and, thus, poor overall survival in CAR-T cell patients. More data concerning the role of these endothelial injury markers and clinical outcomes in CAR-T cell settings are essential.

Indexed as

CAR-TcomplementCRSendotheliumICANSlymphomamyeloma

Identifiers

PMID40940973
PMCPMC12427513

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.