Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40944108›Full record

ArticleNutrients2025

Sugar Content of Children's Breakfast Foods in Mediterranean Diet Patterns.

Clara Guinot-Barona, Giorgia Tumino, Marta Ibor-Miguel, Carla Borrell-García, Juan-Ignacio Aura-Tormos, Esther García-Miralles, Laura Marqués-Martínez

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Clara Guinot-BaronaDentistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8841-7975
Giorgia TuminoDentistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, Spain.
Marta Ibor-MiguelDentistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, Spain.
Carla Borrell-GarcíaDentistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-9356-4416
Juan-Ignacio Aura-TormosFaculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Esther García-MirallesDentistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-8864-3702
Laura Marqués-MartínezDentistry Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Catholic University of Valencia San Vicente Mártir, 46001 Valencia, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-5722-0547

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundBreakfast habits in Mediterranean countries often include processed products with hidden sugars, which may compromise children's oral and general health.

objectivesThis study assessed the sugar content of breakfast foods commonly consumed by children using °Brix refractometry and examined its implications for dental caries and obesity.

methodsForty-nine breakfast food samples (processed products, homemade alternatives, and fresh fruits) were analysed using a digital °Brix refractometer to quantify soluble sugar concentrations. Comparative statistical analyses were performed to evaluate differences among food categories.

resultsProcessed foods consistently exhibited significantly higher °Brix values (mean ± SD: 14.1 ± 4.9), reflecting greater levels of extrinsic sugars, compared with homemade preparations (10.9 ± 1.1) and fresh fruits (10.7 ± 5.2) (

conclusionsThe findings highlight the urgent need for educational strategies and clearer labelling to reduce sugar intake during childhood breakfasts. Promoting natural and homemade alternatives could be a key preventive approach to lowering the risk of dental caries, obesity, and other diet-related conditions.

Indexed as

BreakfastDietary SugarsDiet, MediterraneanChildChild, PreschoolDental CariesFemaleFood AnalysisFruitHumansMaleDietary Sugarsbreakfastchildrendental cariesdietoral healthprocessed foods

Identifiers

PMID40944108
PMCPMC12430121

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.