Trial reportNutrients2025
Citrulline Supplementation Improves Microvascular Function and Muscle Strength in Middle-Aged and Older Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.
Trial report in Nutrients, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of Citrulline or Watermelon Supplementation on Body Composition: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of L-Citrulline Supplementation on Endothelial Function and Body Composition in Post-COVID-19 Syndrome: A Randomized Clinical Trial.Nutrients · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Targeting muscle-vasculature crosstalk in aging through the integrative roles of L-citrulline, leucine, and exercise: focus on muscle metabolism, vascular function, and sarcopenia prevention.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPatients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) develop vascular complications due to arginine deficiency-induced microvascular endothelial dysfunction, which is related to the loss of muscle strength (MS) associated with aging. Thus, increased nitric oxide (NO)-mediated vasodilation may improve MS. We investigated the impact of the NO precursor citrulline on microvascular function (endothelial and muscle reactivity) and MS in T2D patients.
methodsSixteen participants with T2D (53-72 years, nine females) were randomized to citrulline supplementation (CITS, 6 g/day) or placebo for 4 weeks prior to an 8-week washout period, followed by the opposite supplement for 4 weeks in a crossover trial. Endothelial function (log-transformed reactive hyperemia index, LnRHI), forearm muscle reactivity (near-infrared spectroscopy-derived tissue oxygen index (TOI) reperfusion indices), plasma arginine levels (ARG), and handgrip strength (HGS
resultsCITS increased the LnRHI (∆0.11 ± 0.16 vs. ∆-0.08 ± 0.24,
conclusionsThis study showed that CITS improves microvascular endothelial function, muscle microvascular reactivity, and calf muscle strength in middle-aged and older patients with T2D.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.