Evidence mapPaperPMID 40944478Full record

ArticleLiver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver2025

Clinical and Genetic Predictors of Non-Alcoholic Steatotic Liver Disease and Fibrosis in Lean Individuals.

Karina Sato-Espinoza, Robert A Vierkant, Perapa Chotiprasidhi, Filippo Pinto E Vairo, Shulan Tian, Jun Ma, Daniel O'Brien, Konstantinos N Lazaridis, Carola Dlugosch, Carolin Scheider and 2 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Liver international : official journal of the International Association for the Study of the Liver, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Lower Allele Frequency ofJCO global oncology · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Karina Sato-EspinozaDepartment of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1725-5865
Robert A VierkantDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6242-5221
Perapa ChotiprasidhiDepartment of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0009-0005-2023-4861
Filippo Pinto E VairoDepartment of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6030-1903
Shulan TianDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Computational Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3348-7439
Jun MaDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Computational Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-4354-2523
Daniel O'BrienDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Division of Computational Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0740-7447
Konstantinos N LazaridisDepartment of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0437-681X
Carola DlugoschDepartment of Medicine III, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.ORCID 0009-0000-8978-0821
Carolin ScheiderDepartment of Medicine III, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-6728-9246
Alina M AllenDepartment of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8393-8410
Kirk J WangensteenDepartment of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-6042-6490

Funding

Mayo Clinic Center for Clinical and Translational Science (CCaTS)UL1TR002377 · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · 2025 to 2025
$7.2M
Hereditary Genetics of Hepatocellular CarcinomaR37CA259201 · NCI · MAYO CLINIC ROCHESTER · 2023 to 2025
$1.2M
national institutes of health national cancer institute R37CA259201NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR002377NCATS NIH HHS UL1TR002377NCI NIH HHS R37 CA259201
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND &

aimsSteatotic liver disease (SLD) is characterised by liver fat accumulation exceeding 5%. Lean body weight (BMI ≤ 25 kg/m

methodsWe used International Classification of Disease codes, radiology and pathology review to identify 177 lean non-alcoholic SLD cases (47 cryptogenic, 130 MASLD), 677 matched lean controls, and 3090 overweight/obese SLD cases in the Mayo Clinic Biobank and Tapestry databases. We performed case-control and cross-sectional comparisons of clinical and genetic factors between these groups, using univariable and multivariable analyses.

resultsLean individuals with non-alcoholic SLD exhibited metabolic and genetic profiles that were intermediate between those of lean controls without SLD and overweight/obese SLD individuals, including intermediate rates of diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and of homozygosity for the risk allele of PNPLA3. Multivariable analysis indicated that diabetes was an independent predictor of SLD among lean individuals. Among lean individuals with non-alcoholic SLD, those with metabolic-associated SLD (MASLD), as compared to those with cryptogenic SLD (without metabolic risk factor), were more likely to be homozygous for risk alleles in GCKR. The Fib-4 score, a tool for screening advanced liver disease in SLD, accurately predicted advanced fibrosis among lean individuals with non-alcoholic SLD.

conclusionDiabetes serves as a primary predictor of non-alcoholic SLD in lean individuals. These results support the recommendation to screen for SLD in patients with diabetes, regardless of BMI. The GCKR risk allele is associated with MASLD in lean individuals, and the risk factors for cryptogenic SLD remain unclear.

Indexed as

Liver CirrhosisNon-alcoholic Fatty Liver DiseaseThinnessAcyltransferasesAdaptor Proteins, Signal TransducingAdultAgedBody Mass IndexCase-Control StudiesCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansLipaseMaleMembrane ProteinsAcyltransferasesAdaptor Proteins, Signal TransducingGCKR protein, humanLipaseMembrane ProteinsPhospholipases A2, Calcium-IndependentPNPLA3 protein, humandiabetesFib‐4 scoregermline variantsMASLDsteatosis

Identifiers

PMID40944478
PMCPMC13215060

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.