Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40945015›Full record

ReviewCurrent opinion in immunology2025

Protective or pathogenic? Tuft cells shape divergent immune outcomes in helminth and viral infections.

Miles Dw Tyner, Michael R Howitt

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Current opinion in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Miles Dw TynerDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
Michael R HowittDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. Electronic address: mhowitt@stanford.edu.

Funding

Impact of symbiotic protists on intestinal T cell homeostasis and inflammation.R01DK128292 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI HOWITT, MICHAEL R · 2021 to 2025
$2.3M
The role of colonic tuft cells in microbial detection and mucosal immunityR01DK138076 · NIDDK · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Michael R Howitt · 2024 to 2026
$1.9M
NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK128292NIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK138076
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Tuft cells are epithelial sentinels that monitor the luminal environment at barrier sites throughout the body. Their function as crucial initiators of type 2 immunity against helminths and protists in the intestine emerged nearly a decade ago. Since then, key tuft cell mechanisms and effectors involved in anti-helminth immunity have been described, but their responses to a wider array of microbes, like viruses, remain far less understood. Here, we review the roles of tuft cells during both helminth and viral infections at barrier tissues like the lung and the gut. While tuft cells protect against parasite infections, they exhibit a wider and sometimes contradictory influence on viral infections and pathology. We explore the emerging and context-dependent role of tuft cells in antiviral responses and examine how tuft cells act as molecular switches during helminth-viral co-infections to dramatically alter infection outcomes.

Indexed as

Epithelial CellsHelminthiasisHelminthsVirus DiseasesAnimalsCoinfectionHumansTuft Cells

Identifiers

PMID40945015
PMCPMC12695085

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.