Evidence mapPaperPMID 40945966Full record

Trial reportThe journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease2026

Folic acid supplementation improves cognitive function in participants with cerebral small vascular disease-related cognitive impairment: a randomized controlled trial.

Yinyue Liu, Zili Yu, Zhengjun Cai, Li Zhao, Yu Wang, Yajie Guo, Xiaonan Su, Yuli Miao, Bin Yi, Yanhong Wang and 1 more

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in The journal of prevention of Alzheimer's disease, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yinyue LiuDepartment of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in the Population, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
Zili YuDepartment of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in the Population, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
Zhengjun CaiBeijng Silian Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing 102609, China.
Li ZhaoDepartment of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Changzhi Institute of TCM, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province 046000, China.
Yu WangDepartment of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Changzhi Institute of TCM, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province 046000, China.
Yajie GuoDepartment of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in the Population, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
Xiaonan SuBeijng Silian Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing 102609, China.
Yuli MiaoDepartment of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Changzhi Institute of TCM, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province 046000, China.
Bin YiBeijng Silian Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Beijing 102609, China.
Yanhong WangDepartment of Neurosurgery, Affiliated Hospital of Changzhi Institute of TCM, Changzhi City, Shanxi Province 046000, China. Electronic address: 18635537767@163.com.
Xumei ZhangDepartment of Nutrition and Food Science, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Center for International Collaborative Research on Environment, Nutrition and Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China; Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Major Diseases in the Population, Ministry of Education, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China. Electronic address: zhangxumei@tmu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe potential improvement of cognitive function through folic acid (FA) supplementation in patients with vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) remains unclear, and no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have been conducted specifically in populations with cerebral small vessel disease-related cognitive impairment (CSVD-CI).

objectiveThis study aimed to explore the effects of FA supplementation on cognitive function and angiogenesis-related indicators in patients with CSVD-CI.

designDouble-blinded, parallel group, randomized controlled trial, with a six-month follow-up period.

settingDepartment of neurology and neurosurgery in Shanxi, China.

participants220 CSVD-CI patients.

interventionsThe intervention consisted of FA tablets (0.4 mg/tablet) administered orally at a dose of two tablets daily for six months, while the placebo tablets were identical in appearance and administration but lacked FA. MEASUREMENTS: The primary outcome was the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) score at six months assessed in the intention-to-treat (ITT) population. Secondary outcomes included Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score, Trail Making Test (TMT), Tinetti Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA), and five-level EuroQol five-dimensional questionnaire (EQ-5D-5 L).

resultsMoCA and MMSE scores improved significantly in the FA group compared to placebo (both P < 0.05). Additionally, the FA group had statistically significant increases in serum folate and decreases in serum homocysteine (Hcy) (both P < 0.001). Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression decreased significantly in the FA group compared with placebo (P < 0.05).

conclusionsFA improved cognitive outcomes in CSVD-CI, accompanied by a reduction in serum Hcy levels and MMP-9 expression. Early FA supplementation could help prevent vascular-related cognitive decline in CSVD-CI patients.

Indexed as

Cerebral Small Vessel DiseasesCognitionCognitive DysfunctionDietary SupplementsFolic AcidAgedDouble-Blind MethodFemaleHomocysteineHumansMaleMatrix Metalloproteinase 9Mental Status and Dementia TestsMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsTreatment OutcomeFolic AcidHomocysteineMatrix Metalloproteinase 9AngiogenesisCerebral small vascular diseaseCognition functionFolic acidRandomized controlled trial

Identifiers

PMID40945966
PMCPMC12811777

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.