Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40946315›Full record

ArticleCell reports2025

Connexin 43 drives glioblastoma cancer stem cell phenotypes through a WNK lysine-deficient protein kinase 1-c-MYC signaling axis.

Erin E Mulkearns-Hubert, Nicole Hajdari, Ellen S Hong, Ashley P Jacobs, Aymerick Gaboriau, Sophia Giltner, Gavin Tannish, Kristen E Kay, Sabrina Z Wang, Peter S LaViolette and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cell reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
9citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

9 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Beyond the gap: moonlighting functions of connexins in cancer.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2026
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Review
  7. Connexin-Pannexin duality in glioblastoma.Cell and tissue research · 2026
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Erin E Mulkearns-HubertDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Electronic address: mulkeae@ccf.org.
Nicole HajdariDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Ellen S HongDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Ashley P JacobsDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Aymerick GaboriauDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Sophia GiltnerDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Gavin TannishDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Kristen E KayDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Sabrina Z WangDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Peter S LaVioletteDepartment of Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
Daniel J SilverDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Christopher G HubertCase Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Andrew DhawanDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
Justin D LathiaDepartment of Cardiovascular & Metabolic Sciences, Cleveland Clinic Research, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine at Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; Rose Ella Burkhardt Brain Tumor and Neuro-Oncology Center, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. Electronic address: lathiaj@ccf.org.

Funding

Connexins and glioblastoma progressionR01NS089641 · NINDS · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI LATHIA, JUSTIN D. · 2015 to 2019
$1.7M
Connexin 43 drives glioblastoma cancer stem cells through a WNK1 signaling axisR03NS135197 · NINDS · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI MULKEARNS-HUBERT, ERIN E. · 2024 to 2024
$161k
NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS089641NINDS NIH HHS R03 NS135197
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The coordination of cellular processes such as growth and survival relies on communication between cells through gap junctions. Connexin proteins comprise gap junctions and also function to mediate protein-protein interactions and communication with the extracellular space via hemichannels. Despite their essential roles, connexin function in cancer is context dependent, with connexin 43 (Cx43) reported to both promote and suppress tumor growth in glioblastoma, the most common primary malignant brain tumor. Here, we detect primarily intracellular expression of Cx43 in glioblastoma patient-derived cancer stem cells and demonstrate that Cx43 is essential for their survival, self-renewal, and tumor initiation. Mechanistically, Cx43 depletion reduces c-MYC expression through reduced levels of the upstream mediator WNK lysine-deficient protein kinase 1 (WNK1). WNK1 depletion phenocopies Cx43 knockdown and reduces c-MYC expression and tumor initiation. Together, these results define a signaling axis downstream of Cx43 that promotes tumor growth and cancer stem cell phenotypes in glioblastoma.

Indexed as

Brain NeoplasmsConnexin 43GlioblastomaNeoplastic Stem CellsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-mycWNK Lysine-Deficient Protein Kinase 1AnimalsCell Line, TumorCell ProliferationGap JunctionsHumansMicePhenotypeSignal TransductionConnexin 43GJA1 protein, humanProto-Oncogene Proteins c-mycWNK1 protein, humanWNK Lysine-Deficient Protein Kinase 1cancercancer stem cellc-MYCconnexinCP: CancerglioblastomasignalingWNK1

Identifiers

PMID40946315
PMCPMC12443334

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.