ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025
Bone marrow-derived extracellular vesicles from multiple myeloma patients promote adaptive immune dysfunction via HLA-G, PD-1, and PD-L1.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
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Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- Extracellular Vesicles as Master Regulators of Immune Modulation in Multiple Myeloma.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Understanding hairy cell leukemia in the context of mature B-cell neoplasms: tumor microenvironment and extracellular vesicle contribution to disease pathogenesis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Proteasomal inhibition compromises microvascular integrity via distinct effects on non-immune endothelial cells and immune cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Introduction: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are critical mediators of intercellular communication and contribute to cancer progression and immune regulation. Methods: We characterized EVs isolated from bone marrow (BM) plasma harvested from healthy donors and patients affected by Multiple Myeloma (MM) by Nano Tracking Analysis and by flow cytometry. Results: EVs from MM patients were significantly more abundant and enriched in CD138, supporting their partial origin from malignant plasma cells, with additional input from BM resident cells, including monocytes and NK cells. Phenotypic profiling revealed increased expression of immune checkpoint molecules HLA-G, PD-1, and PD-L1 on MM-derived EVs compared to healthy controls. Functionally, MM-EVs suppressed Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB)-induced T cell activation, as evidenced by reduced IFN-γ production and CD4 Discussion: HLA-G
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