Evidence mapPaperPMID 40949694Full record

ArticleGlobal heart2025

Uptake and Effectiveness of Outpatient vs. Residential Cardiac Rehabilitation After Myocardial Infarction: A Nationwide Analysis.

Borut Jug, Zlatko Fras, Tjaša Furlan, Marko Novaković, Jerneja Tasič, Mitja Lainščak, Jerneja Farkaš, Dalibor Gavrić, Irena Ograjenšek, Petra Došenović Bonča

Abstract readMulticenter StudyComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Global heart, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Borut JugCentre for Preventive Cardiology, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID 0000-0001-6015-2127
Zlatko FrasCentre for Preventive Cardiology, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Tjaša FurlanGeneral Hospital Trbovlje, Slovenia.ORCID 0000-0003-0627-2050
Marko NovakovićCentre for Preventive Cardiology, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID 0000-0002-7753-7506
Jerneja TasičCentre for Preventive Cardiology, Department of Vascular Medicine, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Mitja LainščakFaculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID 0000-0002-5922-4098
Jerneja FarkašNational Institute of Public Health, Slovenia.ORCID 0009-0001-6042-5743
Dalibor GavrićHealth Insurance Institute of Slovenia, Slovenia.
Irena OgrajenšekFaculty of Economics and Business, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID 0000-0002-2248-1517
Petra Došenović BončaFaculty of Economics and Business, University of Ljubljana, Slovenia.ORCID 0000-0002-0356-1204

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Aims: To estimate the participation in, and the comparative effectiveness of, short-term residential and comprehensive outpatient cardiac rehabilitation (CR), after the latter was introduced in Slovenia by establishing dedicated regional CR centers. Methods: We extracted and analyzed data on all patients hospitalized for myocardial infarction in Slovenia ( Results: Of the 11,815 eligible patients (event-free after 180-day landmark), 3819 (32.3%) attended CR. Nation-wide CR participation rates increased both in level (9.7%, 95% CI 6.3-3.1) and in trend (0.41% per month, 95% CI 0.22-0.60) after outpatient CR was introduced in 2017. After propensity score-based adjustment, participation in either CR was associated with lower event rates (12.8%, 17.2%, and 21.0% at 3-year follow-up for outpatient, residential, and no CR, respectively; Conclusions: Participation in either CR improves outcomes after myocardial infarction, but comprehensive outpatient CR conveys superior risk reductions, primarily through reduced cardiovascular hospitalizations. Lay Summary: Our study highlights the importance of expanding cardiac rehabilitation services (by setting up dedicated regional comprehensive outpatient centers) and provides new evidence on improved outcomes in patients after myocardial infarction, who undergo cardiac rehabilitation. While previous studies have demonstrated the efficacy and effectiveness of cardiac rehabilitation, ours is the first to compare two distinctive cardiac rehabilitation modalities - comprehensive outpatient (introduced in 2017) and short-term residential (available throughout the study period 2015-2021).In our nationally representative population of patients after myocardial infarction ( Key Learning Points:

Indexed as

Ambulatory CareCardiac RehabilitationMyocardial InfarctionOutpatientsAgedFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansMaleMiddle AgedPropensity ScoreRetrospective StudiesSloveniaTreatment OutcomeCardiac rehabilitation, center-basedCardiac rehabilitation, short-termComparative effectiveness researchCost-effectiveness analysisMyocardial infarctionOutcomes researchPropensity score

Identifiers

PMID40949694
PMCPMC12427614

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.