ArticlemedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences2025
Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs in 40% of patients with WNV encephalitis in seven new cohorts.
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55 authors.
Adrian GervaisLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.
Francesca TrespidiHost-Pathogen Group and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy, EU.
Alessandro FerrariMicrobiology and Virology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy, EU.
Francesca RovidaMicrobiology and Virology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy, EU.
Astrid MarchalLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.
Stefania CroceCell Factory, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy, EU.
Irene CassanitiMicrobiology and Virology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy, EU.
Mattia MorattiPediatric Unit, University Hospital of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, EU.
Jennifer L UhrlaubDepartment of Immunobiology, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
David M FlorianCenter for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, EU.
Karin StiasnyCenter for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, EU.
Elisa BurdinoLaboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Turin, Italy, EU.
Micol AngeliniHost-Pathogen Group and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy, EU.
Lucy BizienLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.
Daniele LilleriMicrobiology and Virology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy, EU.
Veronica CodulloRheumatology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy, EU.
Tal FreundAllergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Yael ParanInfection diseases department, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Avi GadothDepartment of Neurology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Roni BiranInfection diseases department, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Alessandro ManconLaboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy, EU.
Camilla LuccaDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy, EU.
Stefania VogiatzisDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy, EU.
Monia PacentiMicrobiology and Virology Unit, Padua University Hospital, Padua, Italy, EU.
Mélodie AubartLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.
Marco ZeccaPediatric Hematology-Oncology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy, EU.
Patrizia ComoliCell Factory, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy, EU.
Maria Antonietta AvanziniCell Factory, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy, EU.
Jacques FellaySchool of Life Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Antonio PirallaMicrobiology and Virology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy, EU.
Francesca ContiPediatric Unit, University Hospital of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, EU.
Alberto DolciLaboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy, EU.
Luisa BarzonDepartment of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy, EU.
Valeria GhisettiLaboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Amedeo di Savoia Hospital, Turin, Italy, EU.
Tiziana LazzarottoMicrobiology Unit, University Hospital of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, EU.
Danilo CeredaDG Welfare, Lombardy, Italy, EU.
Alessandro AiutiPediatric Immunohematology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy, EU.
Emmanuelle JouanguyLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.
Paul BastardLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.
Margaret R MacDonaldLaboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
Charles M RiceLaboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
Anne PuelLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.
Laurent AbelLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.
Giada RossiniMicrobiology Unit, University Hospital of Bologna, Bologna, Italy, EU.
Davide MiletoLaboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology and Bioemergencies, Luigi Sacco Hospital, Milan, Italy, EU.
Yannick SimoninPathogenesis and Control of Chronic and Emerging Infections, University of Montpellier, INSERM, EFS, Montpellier, France, EU.
Anna NagyNational Reference Laboratory for Viral Zoonoses, National Public Health Center, Budapest, Hungary, EU.
David HaginAllergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Kristy O MurrayDepartment of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Tropical Medicine, Center for Human Immunobiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA.
Fausto BaldantiMicrobiology and Virology Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy, EU.
Judith H AberleCenter for Virology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria, EU.
Aurélie CobatLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.
Shen-Ying ZhangLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.
Jean-Laurent CasanovaLaboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris, France, EU.
Alessandro BorghesiHost-Pathogen Group and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, San Matteo Research Hospital, Pavia, Italy, EU.
Funding
Systems investigation of vaccine responses in B cell depleted autoimmune patientsU19AI089992 · NIAID · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Albert C Shaw · 2010 to 2026
$50.4MDeveloping, Demonstrating, and Disseminating Innovative Programs to Achieve Translational SuccessUL1TR001866 · NCATS · ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY · PI COLLER, BARRY, KRUEGER, JAMES G · 2016 to 2025
$40.6MUnraveling yellow fever 17D vaccine attenuation: The role of type I interferon and innate immunityR01AI124690 · NIAID · ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY · PI Charles M Rice · 2016 to 2026
$8.3MType I interferon-stimulated genes and the antiviral immune responseR01AI091707 · NIAID · ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY · PI RICE, CHARLES M · 2011 to 2020
$5.5MInborn errors of immunity in patients with life-threatening COVID-19R01AI163029 · NIAID · ROCKEFELLER UNIVERSITY · PI CASANOVA, JEAN-LAURENT, ZHANG, QIAN · 2021 to 2025
$3.7MRenal And Neurological Outcomes In Chronically Infected West Nile Virus PatientsR01AI091816 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON · PI MURRAY, KRISTY · 2011 to 2014
$1.5MNCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR001866NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI091707NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI091816NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI124690NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI163029NIAID NIH HHS U19 AI089992
Abstract
Mosquito-borne West Nile virus (WNV) infection is a growing global health problem. About 0.5% of infected individuals develop encephalitis. We previously showed that 40% of patients in six cohorts had WNV encephalitis because of circulating auto-antibodies (auto-Abs) neutralizing type I IFNs. In seven new cohorts, we found that the prevalence of auto-Abs was highest (40% [17-44%]) in patients with encephalitis, and very low in a small sample of individuals with asymptomatic or mild infection. In the 13 European, Middle-Eastern and American cohorts available, odds ratios for WNV encephalitis in individuals with these auto-Abs relative to those without them in a large sample of the general population untested for WNV infection range from ~20 (OR=17.7; 95% CI: 13.8-22.8,
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