Evidence mapPaperPMID 40951815Full record

ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2025

The nonlinear association between the triglyceride glucose-waist-to-height ratio index and cardiovascular disease among middle-aged and older adults in China with cardiovascular-kidney-metabolic syndrome stages 0-3.

Cheng Huang, Jing Jia, Yuanyuan He

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Cheng HuangDepartment of Colorectal Surgery, First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Jing JiaDepartment of Emergency, First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Yuanyuan HeDepartment of Anesthesiology, First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) poses a critical challenge to global public health, especially in individuals with Cardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic (CKM) syndrome. The association between the triglyceride glucose-waist-to-height ratio index (TyG-WHtR) and CVD among middle-aged and older Chinese adults with CKM stages 0-3 is not well understood. Methods: Data were obtained from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), a nationally representative longitudinal study of individuals aged 45 years and older. Cox proportional hazards models were constructed to evaluate the association between TyG-WHtR and CVD risk. Subgroup analyses were conducted among different groups to evaluate consistency of findings and explore potential interactions. Restricted cubic spline regression was employed to evaluate the dose-response relationship. Results: During a mean follow-up period of 7.77 ± 2.13 years, 1,595 participants (23.58%) developed CVD. After adjusting for covariates, TyG-WHtR was significantly associated with CVD risk (HR: 1.09, 95% CI: 1.01-1.18). Notably, this relationship was independent of other variables and displayed a nonlinear pattern, with an inflection point identified at 3.57. Beyond this threshold, the adjusted HR increased to 1.17 (95%CI: 1.08-1.71). Conclusion: TyG-WHtR demonstrates a nonlinear relationship with CVD among middle-aged and older Chinese adults with CKM stages 0-3.

Indexed as

cardiovascular diseaseCardiovascular-Kidney-Metabolic syndromeCHARLSChineseTyG-WHtR

Identifiers

PMID40951815
PMCPMC12426055

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.