ArticleBMJ open2025
Health system response to health emergencies in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review protocol.
Article in BMJ open, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionHealth emergencies continue to stimulate greater interest in health systems and services, particularly their ability to respond to such shock. While studies have been done on health system response to health emergencies, there has been no attempt to synthesise this body of evidence to inform future emergency preparedness and response plan, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where health systems are deemed to be weak. This paper aims to provide a systematic review protocol for synthesising evidence on health system response to health emergencies in LMICs. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: The WHO building blocks of health system functioning will be used as a conceptual framework for the review. The review will be conducted and reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. Nine electronic databases will be searched: Medline, Embase, Ovid Emcare, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Academic Search Complete, HINARI, CINAHL and African Index Medicus. The search will be supplemented by citation searching, searching reference lists of included articles, search for grey literature in Google Scholar and relevant websites. Studies focusing on health system response to health emergencies in LMICs, published in English and between 2007 and 2025, will be eligible for inclusion. A narrative synthesis will be performed on all the included studies. Studies will be mapped and categorised into the WHO six building blocks of health system functioning, exploring relationships between and within studies, identifying the response mechanisms of the health system during health emergencies and their barriers and facilitators. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The data to be used do not include individual patient data, so ethical approval is not required. The results of the systematic review will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed journal publication, presentations at conferences and seminars. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42024556271.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.