Evidence mapPaperPMID 40954459Full record

ReviewNutrition & metabolism2025

Interplay of obesity and parasitic infection: current evidence of immunogenesis, tumorigenesis and leptin receptor involvement.

Enas El Saftawy, Mansour Alghamdi, Basma Emad Aboulhoda

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Nutrition & metabolism, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

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0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Enas El SaftawyDepartment of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Mansour AlghamdiDepartment of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, 62529, Saudi Arabia.
Basma Emad AboulhodaDepartment of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. doctor.basma@hotmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5582-7089

Funding

Deanship of Research and Graduate Studies at King Khalid University through Large Group Research Project RGP2/430/46
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundParasitic infections possess comparable risk factors to obesity. In addition, obesity impairs innate and adaptive immunity subsequently increasing vulnerability to infectious diseases.

aimThe study investigated the leptin/leptin receptors, obesity-parasites mutual relationship and the effect of parasitic infections on immune metabolism, microbiota, and tumorigenesis in the context of obesity. METHODOLOGY: To implement the current review, articles were gathered using the Egyptian Knowledge Bank (EKB), Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar.

conclusionLeptin enhances anti-parasitic immunity. Obesity favors intestinal colonization of Blastocystis sp., Dientamoeba fragilis, Entamoeba coli, and Giardia intestinalis. Adipocytes act as a niche and a food source for Trypanosoma cruzi, Trypanosoma brucei, and Plasmodium. In addition, Toxoplasma gondii relies on the circulatory cholesterol to thrive. Obesity provokes low-grade chronic inflammation and metabolic syndrome. Yet, Nippostrongylus brasiliensis and Fasciola hepatica attempted to alleviate inflammation and metabolic syndrome. Hookworm improves insulin resistance. However, parasites such as Schistosoma mansoni, Trichuris suis, Taenia pisiformis, Entamoeba histolytica, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Trypanosoma brucei, and Toxoplasma aggravated metabolic immune metabolic syndrome. Obesity hampered immunity against Leishmania sp.. and Plasmodium sp. is diabetogenic. Giardia infection and Heligmosoides polygyrus infections induce dysbiosis in obesity. Obesity and parasites like Trichomonas vaginalis, S. haematobium, S. mansoni, Clonorchis sinensis, Opishorchis viverrini showed similar cancer types. Yet, Toxoplasma gondii and Echinococcus granulosus have anti-tumorigenic effects. Obesity/high-fat diet hinders Schistosoma mansoni, Trichuris muris, and Entamoeba histolytica infections. Also, Blastocystis sp., Dientamoeba fragilis, Giardia intestinalis, Trichinella spiralis, and Schistosoma appeared to have ameliorative effects in obesity.

Indexed as

LeptinMicrobiotaParasite-obesity relationshipsTumors

Identifiers

PMID40954459
PMCPMC12439378

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.