Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40957476›Full record

ArticleJournal of advanced research2026

The global burden of non-communicable diseases attributable to behavioral risk factors and its trends from 1990 to 2021.

Xiaohan Geng, Fengzhi Liang, Peigang Wang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of advanced research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Xiaohan GengSchool of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China. Electronic address: 18961717863@163.com.
Fengzhi LiangSchool of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China. Electronic address: 2079521697@qq.com.
Peigang WangSchool of Public Health, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China. Electronic address: wpg926@whu.edu.cn.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundNon-communicable diseases (NCDs) are one of the major challenges to global public health. High alcohol use, dietary risks, and low physical activity are three risk factors that can increase the burden of NCDs. Yet, a comprehensive study on the impacts of these three factors is currently lacking.

methodsThe estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) were used to quantify trends in disease burden. Additionally, correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between disease burden and the socio-demographic index (SDI). Frontier analysis was utilized to examine the potential development space of 204 countries and regions, and predictive analysis was employed to study the trend of burden over the next 15 years.

resultsFrom 1990 to 2021, the burden of NCDs caused by high alcohol use among males decreased significantly, with the disease burden most significant in the 40-90 age group. The disease burden caused by dietary risks in the 60-89 age group was evident. The burden of NCDs caused by low physical activity among females decreased significantly. In the next 15 years, the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of NCDs will show a downward trend.

conclusionsThe burden of NCDs has decreased but remains heavy. Countries should formulate and implement corresponding public health policies in light of their actual situations to reduce the disease burden.

Indexed as

Global Burden of DiseaseNoncommunicable DiseasesAdultAgedAged, 80 and overAlcohol DrinkingCost of IllnessDietExerciseFemaleGlobal HealthHumansMaleMiddle AgedRisk FactorsDietary risksHigh alcohol useLow physical activityNon-communicable diseases

Identifiers

PMID40957476
PMCPMC13227288

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.