Evidence mapPaperPMID 40965634Full record

ArticleActa diabetologica2026

Development and validation of a risk predictive nomogram for carotid intima-media thickening in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Yongqi Zheng, Luni Tuo, Jie Xiao, Runzi Ling, Lei Yan

Abstract readValidation Study
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Article in Acta diabetologica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yongqi Zheng *Department of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Luni Tuo *Department of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Jie XiaoDepartment of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Runzi LingDepartment of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China.
Lei YanDepartment of Ultrasound, the First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350005, China. yanlei20082336@163.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5549-0789

Funding

the Leading Project Foundation of Science and Technology, Fujian Province 2022Y0010the Provincial Subsidy Fund for Health and Wellness from Fujian Provincial Department of Finance BPB-2022YXJ
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimCarotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) serves as a valuable cardiovascular risk marker in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We aimed to develop and validate a nomogram incorporating novel indicators, including the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, to predict CIMT thickening in T2DM.

methodsIn this retrospective study of 804 patients with T2DM, we employed least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression followed by stepwise regression for predictor selection. Six machine learning models were evaluated, with model selection based on the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC). The optimal model was used to develop the nomogram, assessed using AUROC, calibration curves, decision curve analysis (DCA), and SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) for feature importance.

resultsIndependent predictors of CIMT thickening in T2DM included age, body mass index, current smoking status, regular exercise habits, glycated hemoglobin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and TyG index. Logistic regression demonstrated excellent predictive performance and was selected for nomogram development. The predictive model showed strong discriminative ability and good calibration in both the training and testing datasets. DCA confirmed its clinical utility across relevant risk thresholds, with SHAP analysis identifying age as the most influential predictor.

conclusionsThis study developed and validated a nomogram integrating routine clinical parameters and novel indicators, including the TyG index, to assess the risk of CIMT thickening in T2DM patients. This nomogram provides an evidence-based tool to help clinicians identify high-risk patients and guide early therapeutic interventions.

Indexed as

Carotid Intima-Media ThicknessDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2NomogramsAdultAgedBlood GlucoseFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsROC CurveTriglyceridesBlood GlucoseTriglyceridesCarotid intima-media thicknessCarotid ultrasoundNomogramPrediction modelType 2 diabetes mellitus

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.