Trial reportJMIR mHealth and uHealth2025
Effectiveness of Smartwatch Device on Adherence to Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation in Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: Randomized Controlled Trial.
Trial report in JMIR mHealth and uHealth, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Strategies to improve adherence to exercise-based phase II cardiac rehabilitation after percutaneous coronary intervention: a best evidence summary.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Toward Precision Cardiac Rehabilitation: Current Limitations and Future Opportunities of Omics and Artificial Intelligence.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Preferences and user experience of wearable devices in cardiac rehabilitation: a systematic review and mixed-methods synthesis protocol.Systematic reviews · 2026Article
- Application of Digital Health Technologies in Cardiac Rehabilitation for Patients With Coronary Heart Disease: Scoping Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- Home-Based Exercise Cardiac Telerehabilitation on Adherence and Functional Capacity for Patients After Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Indonesia: Protocol for a Quasi-Experimental Study.JMIR research protocols · 2026Article
- Cardiac rehabilitation for TAVR patients: mechanisms, current status, and future directions.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Digital technologies have the potential to overcome many of the limitations associated with traditional center-based cardiac rehabilitation (CBCR), such as limited accessibility, transportation barriers, and low adherence. In this context, home-based cardiac rehabilitation (HBCR) has emerged as a promising alternative. However, maintaining adherence and providing continuous supervision in remote settings remain a major challenge. Smartwatch-based interventions may offer a novel solution to support and monitor patients in HBCR programs, yet robust clinical evidence is still limited. Objective: This study was designed to investigate the effectiveness of a smartwatch-facilitated HCBR model in improving exercise adherence and health-related outcomes in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD), aiming to improve adherence and other outcomes related to the secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center, randomized, parallel-controlled, non-blinded trial. Eligible participants were adults (≥18 years) with a confirmed diagnosis of CHD, recruited from a tertiary hospital in Jilin Province, China. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group (smartwatch-facilitated HBCR) or the control group (standard HBCR) for a duration of 3 months. The intervention group received a comprehensive program delivered via a smartwatch, including real-time feedback, remote supervision, physical activity monitoring, and educational content. The control group received conventional HBCR without technological assistance. The primary outcome was adherence to the HBCR program, assessed using the Home-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation Exercise Adherence Scale. Secondary outcomes included cardiopulmonary function (peak VO₂ measured via cardiopulmonary exercise testing), anxiety (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-9), and health-related quality of life (36-Item Short Form Survey, SF-36), evaluated at baseline and at 3 months. Results: Between January 1 and December 30, 2023, a total of 62 patients (mean [SD] age 59.93 [10.06] years; 40.4% women [25/62]) were enrolled and randomized to the intervention group (n=32) or control group (n=30). Baseline characteristics were well balanced between the groups. At 3 months, participants in the smartwatch group demonstrated significantly higher adherence scores compared to the control group (P<.01). Additionally, the smartwatch group showed significant improvements in peak VO₂ (P<.01), anxiety (GAD-7, P<.01), depression (PHQ-9, P<.01), and selected domains of SF-36 (P<.05). No serious adverse events related to the intervention were reported, and user engagement with the smartwatch platform was high throughout the study period. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that a smartwatch-facilitated HBCR model is both feasible and effective in enhancing adherence and improving clinical outcomes among patients with CHD. These findings support the integration of wearable technology into routine HBCR and lay the groundwork for future large-scale, multicenter trials.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.