Evidence mapPaperPMID 40969457Full record

ArticleFrontiers in health services2025

Fresh funds for moms: feasibility of a 12-week online food as medicine grocery prescription program for women with food insecurity and gestational diabetes.

Rachel Gillespie, Sara J Maksi, Joshua Bush, Cynthia Cockerham, Courtney T Luecking, Andrea L Deierlein, Heather Wasser, Alison Gustafson

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in health services, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Food assistance strategies for patients of an infusion clinic: a pilot randomized controlled trial (protocol number: STU-2023-0387).Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2025
    Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Rachel GillespieDepartment of Health, Behavior and Society, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
Sara J MaksiDepartment of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Martin Gatton College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
Joshua BushKentucky Injury Prevention Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
Cynthia CockerhamDepartment of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
Courtney T LueckingDepartment of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Martin Gatton College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.
Andrea L DeierleinPublic Health Nutrition, School of Global Public Health, New York University, New York, NY, United States.
Heather WasserDepartment of Nutrition, Gillings Schools of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, United States.
Alison GustafsonDepartment of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Martin Gatton College of Agriculture, Food, and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Pregnant women with food insecurity experience high rates of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Food as medicine and grocery prescription (GPx) programs have been successful in increasing food access and managing chronic disease; however, they are often not implemented during pregnancy. Methods: This was a pilot study of Fresh Funds for Moms, an online grocery prescription (GPx) program. Pregnant women between 20 and 28 weeks' gestation were purposefully recruited from one large hospital system in an urban community in Kentucky. Eligibility included: positive screening for food insecurity; diagnosis of either GDM, type 2 diabetes, or hypertension; and live in a zip code with online grocery service delivery access. Women received $200 per month for 12 weeks (total of $600) for healthy food purchases on an online grocery platform. Results: A total of 1,163 women were initially screened; 20 women were referred to participate in the program and 14 completed the program. On average, women redeemed 96.1% of their grocery benefit throughout the pilot GPx program. Fruit and vegetable purchases increased 4% from months one to three (27%-31%), while the percentage of funds spent on meat food items decreased from 31% to 22% by the third month, and percentage spent on pantry items remained consistent month-to-month (4%). Qualitative findings highlight overall satisfaction, however, participants reported some transactional confusion when redeeming their funds on the online grocery platform and a desire for more variety when selecting food items for delivery. Blood glucose and blood pressure improved slightly, however no clinically meaningful changes in HgbA1c were observed. Discussion: This pilot study demonstrated the feasibility of implementing a GPx program in collaboration with clinical, research, and industry partners as a food as medicine intervention. Online GPx programs have the potential for improving healthy shopping habits among pregnant women. However, to improve screening, referral, and enrollment, a larger system approach is needed to meet patients' needs, warranting further investigation in larger, adequately powered studies.

Indexed as

food as medicinefood insecuritygestational diabetesgrocery prescriptionhypertensiononline grocery shoppingtype 2 diabetes

Identifiers

PMID40969457
PMCPMC12440972

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.