Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40969815›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in medicine2025

A primary amoebic meningoencephalitis case suspected to be infected by indoor swimming, China, 2024.

Junfan Li, Songqi Feng, Yao Wang, Chao Li, Peng Li, Lijie Zhang, Yingxue Dai, Kaike Tan, Liang Wang

Abstract readCase Reports
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Primary amoebic meningoencephalitis caused byFrontiers in pediatrics · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Junfan Li *Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China.
Songqi Feng *Department of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China.
Yao WangDepartment of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China.
Chao LiPublic Health Emergency Center, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Peng LiDepartment of Endemic and Parasitic Disease, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China.
Lijie ZhangChinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Yingxue DaiDepartment of Environmental and School Health, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China.
Kaike TanDepartment of Endemic and Parasitic Disease, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China.
Liang WangDepartment of Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Methods: Face-to-face visit was conducted with the guardian of the case. Field investigations were carried out at suspected venues of infection. Reasonable inferences were made by combining literature and investigation results. Results: The case manifested typical PAM symptoms, followed by death 7 days after onset. The suspected exposure period was between March 4 and April 3, associated with several instances of swimming in two indoor pools. A field investigation at N Aquatic Center revealed improper disinfection methods, substandard water quality, and a suitable environment for Discussion: N Aquatic Center is the most likely source of infection after synthesizing epidemiological history, field investigation, and laboratory results. Individuals can get infected even when swimming indoors if the water is not well managed. Inspecting, monitoring, and disinfecting pool water should be strengthened.

Indexed as

field investigationindoor swimmingNaegleria fowleriprimary amoebic meningoencephalitissource of infection

Identifiers

PMID40969815
PMCPMC12440956

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.