Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40974011›Full record

ArticleBritish journal of clinical pharmacology2026

Population pharmacokinetic modelling revealed large variability in oromucosal absorption of Δ

Ida Klitzing Storgaard, Rikke Lundsgaard Nielsen, Morten Baltzer Houlind, Olivia Bornæs, Louise Westberg Strejby Christensen, Aino Leegaard Andersen, Helle Gybel Juul-Larsen, Lillian Mørch Jørgensen, Torben Breindahl, Baker Nawfal Jawad and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in British journal of clinical pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Effects of SativexNutrients · 2026
    Trial
  2. Review
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Ida Klitzing StorgaardDepartment of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8650-6595
Rikke Lundsgaard NielsenDepartment of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Denmark.
Morten Baltzer HoulindDepartment of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Olivia BornæsDepartment of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Denmark.
Louise Westberg Strejby ChristensenDepartment of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-8954-2675
Aino Leegaard AndersenDepartment of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Denmark.
Helle Gybel Juul-LarsenDepartment of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Denmark.
Lillian Mørch JørgensenDepartment of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Denmark.
Torben BreindahlDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, North Denmark Regional Hospital, Hjørring, Denmark.
Baker Nawfal JawadDepartment of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Denmark.
Izzet AltintasDepartment of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Denmark.
Ove AndersenDepartment of Clinical Research, Copenhagen University Hospital, Amager and Hvidovre, Denmark.
Trine Meldgaard LundDepartment of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8598-2880

Funding

Danish RegionsFonden til Lægevidenskabens Fremme
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimCannabis-based medicines are gaining interest and being explored for new therapeutic indications, many of which commonly affect older medical patients. As most previous studies of the population pharmacokinetics of cannabinoids have been performed in healthy adults, this study aimed to investigate the population pharmacokinetics of Δ

methodsWe administered two fixed doses of Sativex® oromucosal spray to 20 patients, each dose consisting of two or three sprays (2.7 mg THC and 2.5 mg cannabidiol per spray), with a dosing interval of 4 h. Blood samples were collected for up to 8 h to obtain plasma concentration-time data for non-linear mixed-effects modelling. Population pharmacokinetic models were developed for THC and THC-OH sequentially, resulting in a combined parent-metabolite model.

resultsWe found a one-compartment model and a two-compartment model to be the best fits for THC and THC-OH, respectively, with apparent clearance of THC through conversion to THC-OH (765 L h

conclusionThe parent-metabolite model describes and quantifies the pharmacokinetics of oromucosally administered THC in older medical patients with poor appetite. The covariate analysis did not show any clinically significant effect on pharmacokinetic parameters of THC or THC-OH.

Indexed as

DronabinolModels, BiologicalOral Mucosal AbsorptionAgedAged, 80 and overAppetiteCannabidiolFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOral Sprays11-hydroxy-delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinolCannabidiolDronabinolOral Sprayscannabisgeriatricspopulation pharmacokineticsSativexΔ9‐tetrahydrocannabinol

Identifiers

PMID40974011
PMCPMC12850555

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.