Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40976355›Full record

ReviewThe journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice2025

Preparing Allergists to Practice in 2050 Using Artificial Intelligence.

Paneez Khoury, John Oppenheimer, Supinda Bunyavanich, Christina E Ciaccio, Jay Portnoy

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in The journal of allergy and clinical immunology. In practice, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Trial
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Paneez KhouryLaboratory of Allergic Diseases, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases/National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md.
John OppenheimerDivision of Allergy/Immunology, UMDNJ-Rutgers University, Morristown, NJ.
Supinda BunyavanichDivision of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY.
Christina E CiaccioDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill; Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Ill.
Jay PortnoyDivision of Allergy, Asthma, Pulmonary, and Sleep Medicine, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Mo. Electronic address: Jportnoy@cmh.edu.

Funding

Allergy and Immunology Clinical Fellowship Program SupportZIEAI001148 · NIAID · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES · PI KHOURY, PANEEZ · 2011 to 2025
$10.9M
Intramural NIH HHS ZIE AI001148
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

As artificial intelligence (AI) becomes deeply embedded in clinical practice, the field of allergy and immunology is poised for transformation by 2050. Artificial intelligence is expected to evolve from a decision support tool to a collaborative partner in diagnostics, treatment personalization, and medical education. Allergy training programs will need to prepare fellows for a technologically advanced landscape by integrating AI literacy, data science, and virtual simulation into curricula. Fellowship programs will need to adopt adaptive learning platforms, high-fidelity simulations, and AI-powered clinical decision support to improve diagnostic acumen, procedural competency, and patient care. This evolution also demands attention to the ethical and legal challenges of AI implementation, including preserving patient autonomy, addressing algorithmic bias, and safeguarding data privacy. Fellows must develop skills to evaluate AI outputs critically and uphold transparent, human-centered care. Artificial intelligence will probably also reshape research practices through predictive analytics, digital twins, and automated trial matching, accelerating discovery in allergic and immunologic disease. Despite these advances, limitations such as the black box problem, lack of emotional intelligence, and misinformed patient self-diagnoses pose challenges. Clinicians will require new communication strategies, including brief cognitive behavioral interventions, to address AI-derived misconceptions and maintain trust. Rather than replacing allergists, AI is likely to expand their roles, freeing time for patient interaction while reinforcing their responsibility as interpreters, educators, and ethical stewards of digital tools. This review explores how graduate medical education and clinical practice in allergy and immunology must evolve to ensure that future allergists remain competent, compassionate, and technologically fluent in a dynamic AI-enhanced health care environment.

Indexed as

AllergistsAllergy and ImmunologyArtificial IntelligenceHumansArtificial intelligenceElectronic health recordLarge language modelsMachine learningMedical education

Identifiers

PMID40976355
PMCPMC12697010

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.