Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40978411›Full record

ArticleACS omega2025

Comparative Enzymatic and Stability Assays Reveal GPLG as an Effective Cathepsin B Cleavable Linker for Tumor-Targeting Drug Conjugates.

Giulia Cazzaniga, Marco Zambra, Samuele Bongiolo, Helena Prpić, Elettra Fasola, Federico Arrigoni, Umberto Piarulli, Silvia Gazzola

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In one paragraph

Article in ACS omega, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Giulia CazzanigaDepartment of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, via Valleggio 9, Como 22100, Italy.
Marco ZambraDepartment of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, via Valleggio 9, Como 22100, Italy.
Samuele BongioloDepartment of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, via Valleggio 9, Como 22100, Italy.
Helena PrpićDepartment of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, via Valleggio 9, Como 22100, Italy.
Elettra FasolaDepartment of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, via Valleggio 9, Como 22100, Italy.
Federico ArrigoniDepartment of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, via Valleggio 9, Como 22100, Italy.
Umberto PiarulliDepartment of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, via Valleggio 9, Como 22100, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6952-1811
Silvia GazzolaDepartment of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria, via Valleggio 9, Como 22100, Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6745-3598

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In the past decade, targeted drug delivery systems have significantly advanced cancer therapy. A key component of these constructs is the chemical linker that covalently connects a targeting unit to a potent cytotoxic payload. Among approved and investigational antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) and small molecule-drug conjugates (SMDCs), lysosomal-cleavable peptide sequences such as Val-Cit (VCit), Val-Ala (VA), and Gly-Phe-Leu-Gly (GFLG) are widely used for tumor-specific drug release. However, premature drug release and instability often cause off-target toxicity and poor selectivity. Since lysosomal proteases are still considered optimal for the drug release within the tumor site, the quest for new and more stable lysosomal-sensitive peptide sequences is currently an ongoing challenge. This work investigates the enzymatic susceptibility, cleavage kinetics, and metabolic stability of the peptide sequence Gly-Pro-Leu-Gly (GPLG) as a novel Cathepsin B-cleavable linker for tumor-targeting drug conjugates. Compared to GFLG, VCit, and VA, all conjugated to paclitaxel via a PABC-

Identifiers

PMID40978411
PMCPMC12444563

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.