ArticleFrontiers in neurology2025
Constraint-induced movement therapy reduced shoulder pain and improved function in subacute and chronic stroke: a cohort study.
Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Health-related quality of life following lower-extremity constraint-induced movement therapy after stroke: an intervention study.Frontiers in neurology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy (CIMT) on hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP), shoulder range of motion (ROM) and upper extremity motor function in stroke patients. Methods: This longitudinal intervention cohort study was performed in an outpatient clinic without a control group. Participants underwent individually tailored CIMT with a patient therapist ratio of 4:1 for 6 h/day, 5 days/week for 2 consecutive weeks, including daily shoulder strength and joint motion training. A total of 221 (101 with and 120 without pre-CIMT HSP) middle-aged (median 54 years) persons at sub-acute or chronic phases after stroke were included in the study. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA) subscale for pain was used for defining and scoring HSP at passive motion (sum of four directions of movement, maximum 8 points indicating no pain). Passive and active shoulder ROM (sum of flexion and abduction) were assessed. Upper extremity motor function was assessed with B. Lindmark Motor Assessment. Assessments were done pre- and post-CIMT and at 3-month follow-up. Comparisons were stratified by subgroups with- and without HSP. Results: In the subgroup with pre-CIMT HSP, median HSP score at passive movement was reduced (FMA shoulder pain score increased) from pre- to post-CIMT from 5 points to 7 points post-CIMT, ( Conclusion: CIMT in an outpatient clinical setting may be a feasible treatment to decrease HSP and to improve shoulder ROM and upper extremity motor function among middle-aged persons in the subacute and chronic phases after stroke. Results need to be confirmed in an RCT setting.
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