Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40979252›Full record

ArticleJournal of oral biology and craniofacial research

Mesoporous Whitlockite: Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro biocompatibility for bone tissue engineering applications.

J S Sharukh, Sinduja Palati, Saravanan Sekaran, Dhanraj Ganapathy

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of oral biology and craniofacial research. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

J S SharukhDepartment of Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India.
Sinduja PalatiDepartment of Oral Pathology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India.
Saravanan SekaranDepartment of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India.
Dhanraj GanapathyDepartment of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, 600077, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Whitlockite (WH) is a magnesium-containing calcium phosphate mineral that occurs naturally in bone and teeth. Its biological relevance lies in its ability to promote osteogenesis and provide mechanical stability, making it a strong candidate for bone repair applications. Introducing mesoporosity into Whitlockite is expected to further enhance its biological activity by increasing surface roughness and surface area, which improves protein adsorption and supports cell growth. Objective: This work focused on preparing mesoporous Whitlockite (Meso-Wh) through a controlled acid treatment method, followed by detailed structural and surface characterization, and an in vitro evaluation of its cytocompatibility. Methods: Whitlockite was synthesized using a precipitation-hydrothermal method with calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, and diammonium hydrogen phosphate precursors. Mesoporosity was induced by hydrochloric acid treatment (pH 4). The particles were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and nitrogen adsorption-desorption studies with BET and BJH analysis. Cytocompatibility was tested by an indirect MTT assay using MG-63 osteoblast-like cells. Results: SEM images showed that Meso-Wh particles were smaller and rougher compared with untreated Whitlockite. EDS confirmed calcium, phosphorus, oxygen, and magnesium as the major elements. XRD patterns indicated reduced crystallinity in Meso-Wh, and FTIR spectra revealed broadening of phosphate bands, suggesting lattice disorder due to acid treatment. BET analysis gave a surface area of 63.07 m Conclusion: Acid treatment effectively produced mesoporous Whitlockite with enhanced surface area and nanoscale porosity, without altering its chemical composition, indicating its suitability for further development as a bone tissue engineering scaffold.

Indexed as

BET analysisBone tissue engineeringCalcium phosphateCytocompatibilityMesoporous biomaterialsWhitlockite

Identifiers

PMID40979252
PMCPMC12445560

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.