Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40979799›Full record

ReviewWorld journal of emergency medicine2025

An approach for the emergency diagnosis and treatment of sepsis-associated encephalopathy in elderly individuals: a literature review.

Wei Gu, Jie Zhong, Chuanzhu Lyu, Guoqiang Zhang, Miaorong Xie, Yuefeng Ma, Wei Guo

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in World journal of emergency medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Wei Gu1Department of Emergency Medicine, Chuiyangliu Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University, Beijing 100022, China.
Jie Zhong1Department of Emergency Medicine, Chuiyangliu Hospital Affiliated to Tsinghua University, Beijing 100022, China.
Chuanzhu Lyu2Department of Emergency Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences/Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu 610072, China.
Guoqiang Zhang3Department of Emergency Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China.
Miaorong Xie4Department of Emergency and Critical Care Center, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.
Yuefeng Ma5Emergency Department, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China.
Wei Guo6Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100010, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE) is a diffuse dysfunction of the nervous system resulting from sepsis originating outside the central nervous system. Elderly individuals (≥65 years of age) constitute a particularly vulnerable population comprised by a high burden of underlying diseases and complications, which frequently leads to underdiagnosis or misdiagnosis. These patients are at increased risk of long-term or permanent central nervous system impairment, making rapid and accurate diagnosis and treatment especially critical. The review is expected to promote improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of SAE in elderly patients, ultimately achieving more standardized and efficient SAE management.

methodsWe performed a literature search in four databases-PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), and Wanfang-from inception to April 2025 using bilinguals (Chinese and English).

resultsThe diagnostic criteria for SAE in elderly individuals include the following: (1) sepsis; (2) new-onset neurological dysfunction; and (3) exclusion of other causes of neurological dysfunction. Physicians should develop tailored empiric anti-infective plans for elderly SAE patients, considering comorbidities, organ function, infection site, local bacterial spectrum, and resistance. The treatment protocol can be adjusted once the pathogen is identified. Stabilizing hemodynamics and ensuring cerebral perfusion are two fluid resuscitation strategies used in elderly SAE patients. An individualized approach to fluid resuscitation using restrictive fluid volumes should be employed. Supportive treatment for elderly SAE patients focuses on improving tissue perfusion/oxygenation, controlling blood glucose levels, and correcting internal imbalances. Early rehabilitation, nutritional support, cognitive training, and family-based emotional support are important components of comprehensive care.

conclusionThe diagnosis and management of SAE in elderly patients support early recognition and timely intervention.

Indexed as

DiagnosisElderlyEmergencyManagementSepsis-associated encephalopathy

Identifiers

PMID40979799
PMCPMC12444245

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.