Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40982134›Full record

ArticleBrain tumor pathology2026

Ataxin-2 as a candidate blood biomarker for estimating disease status in cases of suspected glioblastoma recurrence.

Farida Garaeva, Riho Nakajima, Sho Tamai, Kensuke Tateishi, Akitake Mukasa, Shinji Kawabata, Hiroaki Nagashima, Manabu Natsumeda, Nozomi Hirai, Shota Tanaka and 13 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Brain tumor pathology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Farida GaraevaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
Riho NakajimaDepartment of Occupational Therapy, Faculty of Health Science, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
Sho TamaiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
Kensuke TateishiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
Akitake MukasaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
Shinji KawabataDepartment of Neurosurgery, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka, Japan.
Hiroaki NagashimaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
Manabu NatsumedaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
Nozomi HiraiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan.
Shota TanakaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Shigeo OhbaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Japan.
Nayuta HigaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
Yoshiki ArakawaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
Akihide KondoDepartment of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan.
Hidehiro KohzukiDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan.
Shinichiro KoizumiDepartment of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
Yutaka FujiokaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
Tatsuya AbeDepartment of Neurosurgery, Saga University, Saga, Japan.
Hemragul SabitDepartment of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
Masashi KinoshitaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan.
Yasuo UchidaDepartment of Molecular Systems Pharmaceutics, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
Sumio OhtsukiDepartment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.
Mitsutoshi NakadaDepartment of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641, Japan. mnakada@med.kanazawa-u.ac.jp.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9419-6101

Funding

AMED JP20cm0106463AMED JP21ck0106663Japan Society for the Promotion of Science London 22H00484
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Differentiating pseudoprogression (PsP) from recurrence in cases of glioblastoma (GBM) after chemoradiotherapy is challenging, with neuroimaging as the only non-invasive method. In this study, we aimed to identify a blood biomarker for precise disease monitoring and investigated the role of Ataxin-2 (ATXN2). Blood samples (n = 45) from patients with suspected recurrence, including eight with PSP, were analyzed. In addition, tumor tissue samples (n = 22), including those from seven patients who also provided blood samples, were examined. Protein levels were assessed using quantitative proteomics and ELISA. ATXN2 levels were measured via western blotting, and localization was determined through immunohistochemistry and immunocytochemistry. ATXN2 knockdown was performed in glioma cell lines to assess its effects on proliferation, migration, and invasion. Proteomics identified ATXN2 as a potential biomarker. ELISA showed significantly higher serum ATXN2 levels in recurrence than in PsP (p = 0.028). ATXN2 ≥ 11.0 ng/mL and ≥ 8 months post-chemoradiotherapy distinguished recurrence from PsP (AUC = 0.82, sensitivity = 67.6%, specificity = 87.5%). ATXN2 was highly expressed in GBM tissues, localized in neurons and glioma cells, and its knockdown enhanced proliferation, migration, and invasion via ERK phosphorylation. ATXN2, highly expressed in GBM, may serve as a potential blood biomarker for distinguishing PsP from recurrence.

Indexed as

Ataxin-2Biomarkers, TumorBrain NeoplasmsGlioblastomaNeoplasm Recurrence, LocalAdultAgedCell Line, TumorCell MovementCell ProliferationDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProteomicsAtaxin-2ATXN2 protein, humanBiomarkers, TumorAtaxin-2BiomarkerGlioblastomaPseudoprogressionRecurrence

Identifiers

PMID40982134
PMCPMC13076406

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.