Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40983704›Full record

ArticleNature immunology2025

Spatial and functional diversity of innate lymphoid cells in the human female genital tract may contribute to antiviral responses to HIV.

Alexandra Werner, Laura Moreno de Lara, Aleah Holmes, Siddharth Parthasarathy, Genna E Moldovan, Anna Borchers, Francisco J Carrillo-Salinas, Jared M Fortier, Vidya Iyer, Alison Vogell and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Novel Approaches for Investigating Host Responses to HIV Infection in Ex Vivo Human Genital Tissues.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026
    Review
  3. Innate Immune Protection Against HIV in the Female Genital Tract.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2026
    Review
  4. Female ILCs on the spotlight.Nature immunology · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Alexandra WernerImmunology Program, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9350-443X
Laura Moreno de Lara *Department of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Aleah Holmes *Immunology Program, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Siddharth ParthasarathyImmunology Program, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Genna E MoldovanC.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8297-2441
Anna BorchersDepartment of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0005-9783-6641
Francisco J Carrillo-SalinasDepartment of Immunology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
Jared M FortierC.S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
Vidya IyerDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Alison VogellDepartment of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
Rebecca JamesonDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
Jacquelyn StephensDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology at the Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-1803-6548
Marta Rodriguez-GarciaImmunology Program, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. Marta.rodriguez-garcia@wayne.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3336-8285

Funding

Tumor Biology and Microenvironment (Program 1)P30CA022453 · NCI · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Evano Piasentin · 1985 to 2026
$68.4M
Aging Compromises Neutrophil-Mediated Innate Protection Against HIV in the Human Female Genital TractR01AG060801 · NIA · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI RODRIGUEZ GARCIA, MARTA · 2018 to 2022
$2.6M
The impact of aging on neutrophil-mediated protection and inflammation in the female genital mucosaU01AG084766 · NIA · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Marta Rodriguez Garcia · 2024 to 2026
$1.5M
A stable path for a core based scientist to advance imaging and cytometry in basic and preclinical research at the Karmanos Cancer InstituteR50CA251068 · NCI · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI MOIN, KAMIAR · 2020 to 2024
$1.4M
Spectral Cell SorterS10OD032201 · OD · TUFTS UNIVERSITY BOSTON · PI TAI, ALBERT K · 2022 to 2022
$672k
Identification of Protective Innate Immune Memory Responses Against HIV Acquisition in the Human Female Genital TractR21AI172065 · NIAID · WAYNE STATE UNIVERSITY · PI RODRIGUEZ GARCIA, MARTA · 2022 to 2023
$454k
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA022453NCI NIH HHS R50 CA251068NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI172065NIA NIH HHS R01 AG060801NIA NIH HHS U01 AG084766NIH HHS S10 OD032201U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) P30 CA22453U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01AG060801U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) R21AI172065U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) U01AG084766
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are tissue-resident lymphocytes specialized in cytokine secretion that lack antigen-specific receptors. The contribution of ILCs to antiviral mucosal immunity in humans, particularly in the female genital tract (FGT), remains unexplored. Here we resolved human FGT ILC diversity by spectral flow cytometry and CITE-seq, spatial location within genital anatomical regions using ChipCytometry, and determined homeostatic function and antiviral responses. We uncovered spatial and functional specializations of genital ILC subsets under homeostasis, with compartmentalized age-related and pregnancy-related changes. CD161 expression differentially discriminated ILC subsets preloaded with cytokines at steady state. We identified a unique NKp44

Indexed as

Genitalia, FemaleHIV-1HIV InfectionsImmunity, InnateLymphocytesAdultCytokinesFemaleHumansImmunity, MucosalMiddle AgedNatural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 2PregnancyReceptors, CCR6Young AdultCytokinesNatural Cytotoxicity Triggering Receptor 2NCR2 protein, humanReceptors, CCR6

Identifiers

PMID40983704
PMCPMC12571888

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.