Evidence mapPaperPMID 40986541Full record

ArticlePLoS medicine2025

Association between lower fasting plasma glucose levels during oral glucose tolerance test and adverse perinatal outcomes: A Chinese cohort study.

Lulu Wang, Chao Tang, Mengqiu Cheng, Yanhui Hao, Siyue Chen, Siwei Zhang, Chen Zhang, Ben W Mol, Yanting Wu, Hefeng Huang

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in PLoS medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Lulu WangInstitute of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Chao TangInstitute of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Mengqiu ChengInstitute of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Yanhui HaoInstitute of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1170-6573
Siyue ChenInstitute of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Siwei ZhangInstitute of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Chen ZhangInstitute of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Ben W MolDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8337-550X
Yanting WuInstitute of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2293-1792
Hefeng HuangInstitute of Reproduction and Development, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Development, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4344-8019

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundIt is unknown whether fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level within the normal range as defined by the International Association of Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups (IADPSG) criteria is associated with perinatal outcomes. This study explored the associations between FPG levels lower than the IADPSG threshold during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and adverse perinatal outcomes in women with or without gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). METHODS AND

findingsFrom January 1, 2017, to May 31, 2022, this single-center retrospective cohort study included 33,417 women with singleton pregnancies at the Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. All women underwent a 75-g OGTT at 24-28 gestational weeks. The primary endpoint was a composite of adverse outcomes, including gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, fetal death and stillbirth, preterm birth, primary cesarean delivery, and small or large for gestational age. Overall, 3,108 (9.5%) women had IADPSG-defined GDM and of whom 2,426 (76.3%) had FPG levels below the IADPSG threshold. Compared to the GDM population, non-GDM women with borderline-normal FPG levels were at significantly greater risk of adverse outcomes with an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 1.62 (95% CI [1.20, 2.19]; p = 0.002) at 4.6 mmol/L, an aOR of 1.50 (95% CI [1.05, 2.13]; p = 0.025) at 4.8 mmol/L, and an aOR of 1.58 (95% CI [1.05, 2.40]; p = 0.030) at 4.9 mmol/L glucose level. Nonetheless, non-GDM women demonstrated significantly lower risk (aOR 0.66, 95% CI [0.44, 0.98]; p = 0.038) compared to GDM counterparts exhibiting low fasting glycemia at 3.9 mmol/L. However, this study was limited by its retrospective design and may lack generalizability to other ethnic groups.

conclusionsEven at FPG levels lower than the IADPSG threshold, FPG was significantly associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, and the associations presented different patterns in women with and without GDM.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseDiabetes, GestationalFastingPregnancy OutcomeAdultChinaEast Asian PeopleFemaleGlucose Tolerance TestHumansInfant, NewbornPregnancyRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsBlood Glucose

Identifiers

PMID40986541
PMCPMC12456778

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.