Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40987396›Full record

ArticleJournal of advanced research2026

Charge reversible-natural light responsive nanoparticles enable targeted herbicide delivery and reduction of mammalian toxicity.

Junhu Xu, Wei Wang, Kunyan Guo, Guangmao Shen, Minhui Li, Gefei Hao, Kun Qian

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of advanced research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Junhu XuCollege of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; State Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
Wei WangState Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
Kunyan GuoCollege of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Guangmao ShenCollege of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
Minhui LiBaotou Medical College, Baotou 014040, China. Electronic address: prof_liminhui@yeah.net.
Gefei HaoState Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Center for R&D of Fine Chemicals of Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, China. Electronic address: gefei_hao@foxmail.com.
Kun QianCollege of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China. Electronic address: qiankun1982@163.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionMammalian health risks due to agrochemical exposure are becoming a global concern, increasingly. Long-term exposure to diquat (DQ) leads to multiple organ dysfunctions and increase mammal mortality. Despite existing mitigation strategies, including oxidative stress reduction and gut microbiota modulation, effective mitigation strategies for DQ poisoning remain elusive.

objectivesBased on the dark gastrointestinal environment of mammals, a natural light-responsive DQ formulation was prepared, that effectively controls weeds and reduces toxicity to mammals.

methodsBy loading DQ onto bridged polysilsesquioxane (BPS) with charge reversal properties, a natural photo-responsive formulation of DQ@BPS was prepared. The physicochemical properties of BPS and DQ@BPS were studied with a series of characterization methods. Under natural light, the photo-controlled release properties of DQ@BPS were measured by molecular dynamics simulation. The control effect of DQ@BPS to barnyard grass was compared with that of DQ and a commercial formulation. A mouse model was used to study its toxicity. In addition, the safety of BPS in Chinese cabbage and DQ@BPS in earthworms were detected.

resultsWe verified that DQ@BPS enable release DQ through natural light. BPS was reversed to a positive charge under natural light, and DQ was released via electrostatic repulsion, with a total release amount 7.27 times that under darkness. Compared with DQ, DQ@BPS ameliorated the liver and kidney damage while reducing body residues by over 10 times in mice, and showed effective control of barnyard grass. Furthermore, it was safe for earthworms, LC

conclusionCharge-reversible-natural light-responsive nanoparticles enable to deliver herbicide with reduced mammalian toxicity. This study provides a new photo-response mechanism in agrochemical delivery systems, offering a promising approach for reducing the toxicity of agrochemicals to mammals.

Indexed as

DiquatDrug Delivery SystemsHerbicidesNanoparticlesAnimalsLightMiceOrganosilicon CompoundsDiquatHerbicidesOrganosilicon CompoundsBridged polysilsesquioxaneCharge reversalDiquatHerbicidal activityMammalian toxicity reductionNatural light-responsive

Identifiers

PMID40987396
PMCPMC13227266

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.