ArticleVascular medicine (London, England)2025
Cardiovascular risk associated with carotid bifurcation plaques producing < 50% stenosis and its modulation by presence of common femoral plaques: A cohort study.
Article in Vascular medicine (London, England), 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundThe aims were to determine the 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) in individuals free from ASCVD (a) in the presence of carotid bifurcation plaques (CBP) < 3-mm thick and ⩾ 3 mm in comparison to a normal vessel wall and (b) the risk modulation in the presence or absence of additional common femoral bifurcations with plaques (CFBP) in a cohort study.MethodsA total of 1000 subjects aged 58.4 ± 10.5 years, free from ASCVD, were followed up for 15.2 ± 4.9 years (mean ± SD). The primary endpoint was a composite of first time fatal or nonfatal 10-year ASCVD events.ResultsThe 10-year risk of ASCVD was 6% in the absence of carotid plaques; 10% in the presence of unilateral and 23% in the presence of bilateral < 3-mm plaques (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 1.65 [95% CI 1.11-2.47] and 2.03 [95% CI 1.32-3.00], respectively); and 29% for unilateral and 63% for bilateral 3-5 mm plaques (adjusted HR 2.40 [95% CI 1.41-4.09] and 3.78 [95% CI 1.77-8.06], respectively). In those with unilateral or bilateral < 3-mm CBP in the presence of two CFBP, the 10-year risk of ASCVD was 26% and 37% (adjusted HR 3.01 [95% CI 1.38-6.58] and 2.52 [95% CI 1.55-4.10], respectively). The 10-year risk was 2% in those without CBP or CFBP and 26% in those with two CFBP only.ConclusionsThe presence of a < 3-mm CBP may be associated with a significant ASCVD risk, especially if bilateral. This risk is better defined by the additional presence or absence of two CFBPs.
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