Evidence mapPaperPMID 40989592Full record

ArticleOpen veterinary journal2025

Changes in the M1/M2 ratio due to andrographolide therapy for deep endometriosis: An experimental study using a BALB/C endometriosis model.

Indra Adi Susianto, Neni Susilaningsih, Syarief Taufik Hidayat, Banundari Rachmawati

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Article in Open veterinary journal, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Indra Adi SusiantoDoctoral Study Program of Medical and Health Science, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia.
Neni SusilaningsihDoctoral Study Program of Medical and Health Science, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia.
Syarief Taufik HidayatDoctoral Study Program of Medical and Health Science, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia.
Banundari RachmawatiDoctoral Study Program of Medical and Health Science, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Andrographolide is a compound that serves as an anti-inflammatory agent. M2 macrophages promote the disease, while M1 macrophages inhibit endometriosis progression. Aim: Andrographolide can modify the M1/M2 ratio, aligning with the pattern observed with standard treatment for deep endometriosis. Methods: This experimental study used a post-test-only research design with a control group of 42 female Balb/C divided into 6 groups. Mice in group N (normal), normal control (KN) endometriosis (END) without therapy, while the positive control (KP) group received endometriosis + dienogest, group (P1) END and 0.05 mg/kg BW andrographolide (AND), group (P2) END + 0.1 mg/kg BW AND, group (P3) (END + 0.2 mg/kg BW AND. CD86 (M1) macrophages, while CD163 (M2) macrophages examine the number of M1 and M2 cells via flow cytometry in a specific color. Results: There was a significant difference in M1, which was higher than M2 in the AND group, compared with KP. The number of M2 macrophages in the P2 group was significantly lower than that in the KN group. Similarly, the number of M2 macrophages in the P3 group was significantly lower than that in the KN group. Conclusion: M1 was superior to M2 in the andrographolide group and exhibited a similar trend in the visanne group. This study serves as a preliminary investigation using experimental animals and can be further developed as a foundation for research on andrographolide as an alternative therapy for endometriosis.

Indexed as

Anti-Inflammatory AgentsDiterpenesEndometriosisMacrophagesAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalFemaleMiceMice, Inbred BALB CandrographolideAnti-Inflammatory AgentsDiterpenesAndrographolideEndometriosisM1/M2 ratioPeritoneal Fluid

Identifiers

PMID40989592
PMCPMC12451115

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.