Evidence map›Paper›PMID 40990378›Full record

ArticleJMIR formative research2025

The Use of Technology by the Rural-Dwelling Caregivers of People Living With Dementia to Support Caregiving: Qualitative Interview Study.

Anna Jolliff, Sarah Boucher, Jordan R Hill, Kristen Allen-Watts, Miriam J Rodriguez, Christian Elliott, Matthew Zuraw, Nicole E Werner

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in JMIR formative research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Anna JolliffCenter for Research and Innovation in Systems Safety, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-5099-1469
Sarah BoucherHealth & Wellness Design, Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States.ORCID 0009-0009-3460-0737
Jordan R HillHealth & Wellness Design, Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6677-9465
Kristen Allen-WattsThe Division of General Internal Medicine and Population Science, School of Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6662-9598
Miriam J RodriguezHealth & Wellness Design, Indiana University School of Public Health - Bloomington, Bloomington, IN, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-0816-8313
Christian ElliottCareVirtue Technologies, Inc, San Diego, CA, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-5268-5775
Matthew ZurawCareVirtue Technologies, Inc, San Diego, CA, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-3931-722X
Nicole E WernerCenter for Research and Innovation in Systems Safety, Department of Anesthesiology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2363-9491

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFamily caregivers of people living with dementia who live in rural areas face challenges distinctly different from those experienced by their urban counterparts. Technology is a promising but underused method for delivering interventions to rural caregivers.

objectiveThis study aims to describe the technologies used by rural caregivers of people living with dementia, how these caregivers use technology to support caregiving, and the barriers and facilitators they encounter in using technology.

methodsWe conducted online, semistructured interviews with rural caregivers of people living with dementia. The objective of the primary study was to understand how caregivers access support, including the types of support used, strategies used to find support, and any unmet support needs. This study was a secondary analysis focused exclusively on caregivers' technology use. Summative, content, and thematic analyses were used to understand patterns of technology use and the associated facilitators.

resultsA total of 19 caregivers were included in this study, of whom 14 (74%) were female. The average age was 66.4 (SD 10.1) years. The 5 most frequently endorsed technologies were phones for calling (n=19, 100%) and texting (n=14, 74%), websites (n=17, 89%), television and movies (n=15, 79%), and emails (n=13, 68%). Technology provided the following types of support: informational (n=19, 100%), emotional (n=13, 68%), instrumental (n=12, 63%), entertainment (n=10, 53%), safety (n=6, 32%), and caregiver personal health (n=4, 21%). Thematic analysis yielded 4 characteristics of caregivers that facilitated technology use, including access to technology, technological savviness, preference for technology, and having a technology broker. In addition, analyses yielded 4 characteristics of technology that facilitated technology use, including appeal, efficiency, ease of use, and trustworthiness.

conclusionsAll rural caregivers in this study used technology to access caregiving support, which suggests that this population is prepared for remote interventions. Our findings can be used to help determine optimal delivery and content of these interventions and instruct interventionists on caregiver and technology characteristics that may facilitate uptake. Rural caregivers may be receptive to interventions delivered through texts, websites, and videos, particularly those that focus on meeting informational and instrumental needs.

Indexed as

CaregiversDementiaRural PopulationAgedFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedQualitative ResearchSocial Supportdigital healthfamily caregiversinformal caregiversinformation technologyqualitative researchrural healthrural populations

Identifiers

PMID40990378
PMCPMC12508661

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.